Recent advancement and future strategies for the care and management of diabetic foot ulcer complications: A systemic approach to Pharmacotherapy for successful wound repair and healing
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcer is a pathological condition of multifactorial etiologies. The condition occurs in diabetic patients where the proper management and care is not adopted. Some important factors responsible for diabetic foot ulcer include peripheral neuropathy, peripheral arterial disease, foot deformities, and trauma. Diabetic foot ulcers affect approximately 15% of all individuals with diabetes at some point in their lives. India is often referred to as the "diabetes capital of the world" due to its large population and the increasing prevalence of diabetes. The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) estimated that in 2019, there were over 77 million adults aged 20-79 years living with diabetes in India. The prevalence of diabetic foot ulcers varies across different regions of the world, with higher rates typically observed in areas with poorer access to healthcare, lower socioeconomic status, and higher rates of diabetes. Complications of diabetic foot ulcers can be severe, leading to infections, gangrene, and ultimately, amputations if not properly managed. Hence, prevention, early detection, and effective management are crucial in reducing the burden of this condition. Herbal therapies for diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) focus on targeting key pathological mechanisms such as inflammation, oxidative stress, infection, angiogenesis, and tissue regeneration. Bioactive such as Curcumin Inhibits NF-κB pathway, reduces pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6), and enhances collagen synthesis there by shown to accelerate wound healing by modulating inflammation and promoting fibroblast migration, Alovera, increase collagen deposition, and improve angiogenesis, Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) scavenges reactive oxygen species (ROS), reduces lipid peroxidation, Neem inhibit bacterial growth (Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) etc. This review highlights the systemic approach for management, care and pharmacotherapy for diabetic wound repair and healing
Keywords: Diabetic foot ulcer, NF-κB pathway, inflammatory cytokines, foot deformities, trauma, advanced therapies
Keywords:
Diabetic foot ulcer, NF-κB pathway, inflammatory cytokines, foot deformities, trauma, advanced therapiesDOI
https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v15i6.7242References
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