Evaluation of the Acute Toxicity of Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) Roots
Abstract
Introduction: Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) is a medicinal plant used in alternative medicine for its multiple therapeutic and preventive properties. However, insufficient data are available about its toxicity.
Materials and methods: dandelion roots total extract vas prepared by maceration for 24 hours and its toxicity was then assessed on 30 WISTAR male rats divided into four experimental groups receiving the extract at different rates, and one control group treated with the vehicle. Changes in renal, hepatic, lipid, and hematological parameters as well as signs of acute toxicity were noted during 15 days after the one dose extract administration.
Results and discussion: The obtained results reveal a very significant (p<0.01) disruption of transaminases but not renal, lipid and hematological parameters.
The acute toxicity study demonstrated that dendelion roots extract has low intraperitoneal toxicity with a LD50 ranged between 500 and 5000 mg/kg.
Conclusion: Dandelion's richness in secondary metabolites and its low in vivo toxicity make it a good candidate as a source of drugs with anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties.
Keywords: Dandelion, Acute toxicity, LD50, Transaminases, lipids, hematology
Keywords:
Dandelion, Acute toxicity, LD50, Transaminases, lipids, hematology
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References
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[14] Karber C, Behrens B, Wie sind Reihenversuche für biologische Auswertungen am Zweckmässigsten Anzuordnen Arch. Exp. Path. Pharm., 1935; 177:379- 388.
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[16] Akhtar MS, Khan QM, Khaliq T, Identification of Dandelion Taraxacum officinale Leaves Components and Study Its Extracts Effect on Different Microorganisms. Journal of Al-Nahrain University. 2012; 15:37-14
[17] Hodge H.C, Sterner J.H, Determination of substance acute toxicity by LD50. American Industrial Hygien Association; 1943; 10:93.
[18] LOE GE, NGABA GP, KAMDOM M, MPONDO E, DIBONG SD, Evaluation des activités anti-inflammatoire et antiradicalaire de l’extrait au vin de palme des feuilles de Phragmanthera capitata (Sprengel) S. Balle (Loranthaceae) récoltées sur Psidium guajava au Cameroun. Int. J. Biol. Chem. Sci. 2018; 12(1):233-243.
[19] Harlan and the Harlan logo are trademarks of Harlan Laboratories, Inc. © 2014 Harlan Laboratories, Inc.
[20] Bragança DS, AGiostra E. « Elévation des tests hépatiques », (2017) Hôpitaux universitaires Genève, Suisse. https://www.hugge.ch/sites/interhug/files/structures/medecine_de_premier_recours/Strategies/strategie_tests_hepatiq ues.pdf
[21] Fall M, Boukandou M, Fall AD2, Cabral M, Diatta W, Gueye PM, Faye M, Bakou SN, Mendes V, Bassene E, Diouf A. Toxicité aiguë et subaiguë d’extrait aqueux de feuilles d’APHANIA SENEGALENSIS (JUSS. EX POIR.) sur des rats wistar acute and sub-acute toxiccity of the aqueous extract from APHANIA SENEGALENSIS (JUSS. EX POIR.) leaves in wistar rat. Dakar Med; 2011; 56(1).
[22] Assim AKMN, Farhan SA, Noori OM, Identification of Dandelion Taraxacum officinale Leaves Components and Study Its Extracts Effect on Different Microorganisms. Journal of Al-Nahrain University. 2012; 15(3):7-14.
[23] namdi CC, Uwakwe AA, Chuku LC, Hypoglycemic effects of aqueous and ethalonic extracts of dandelion (Taraxacum Officinale F.H. WIGC) leaves and roots on streptozotocin – induced albinos rats. Global Journal of Research on Medicinal Plants & Indigenous Medicine; Koppa 2012; 1(6):211-217.
[24] Mir MM, Sawhney SS, M. JassalMS, In-vitro antidiabetic studies of various extracts of Taraxacum officinale. The Pharma Innovation Journal 2015; 4(1):61-66.
[2] QURESHI S, ADIL S, ABD EL-HACK ME, ALAGAWANY M, FARAG MR, Beneficial uses of dandelion herb (Taraxacum officinale) in poultry nutrition. World’s Poultry Science Journal.Volume 2017; 73(3):591-602
[3] Faria T.C, Nascimento C. C. H. C, Vasconcelos S. D. D. De, Stephens P. R. S, Saranraj P, Barreto A. S, Diré G.F, Literature Review on the Biological Effects of Taraxacum officinale Plant in Therapy. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development. 2019; 7(3):94-99.
[4] Eric Yarnell, ND, RH (AHG), Kathy Abascal, JD, RH (AHG). Dandelion (Taraxacum Officinale and T monogolicum). Integrative Medecine. 2009; 8:2.
[5] Fatima T, Bashir O, Naseer B, Hussain SZ, Dandelion: Phytochemistry and clinical potential. Journal of Medicinal Plants Studies; 2018; 6(2):198-202.
[6] Rasoo S, Sharma B, Taraxacum officinale: a high value less known medicinal plant. Annals of Plant Sciences, 2014; 3(12) :908-915
[7] Wirngo FE, Max N Lambert, Per B Jeppesen The Physiological Effects of Dandelion (Taraxacum Officinale) in Type 2 Diabetes. Summer-Fall; 2016; 13(2-3):113–131.
[8] Mahboubi M, Mahboubi M, Hepatoprotection by dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) and mechanisms. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine; 2020; 10(1):1-10.
[9] Sumanth M, Rana A, In vivo antioxidant activity of hydro-alcholic extract of Taraxacum officinale roots in rats. Indian J Pharmacol; 2006; 38 pNA.
[10] Hu C, Kitts DD, Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) flower extract suppresses both reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide and prevents lipid oxidation in vitro. Phytomedicine. 2005; 12(8):588-597
[11] Bevin A, Clare, M.S, Richard S, Conoroy, Ph.D, Kevin Spelman, Ph.D (Cand). The diuretic in human subjects of an extract of Taraxacum Officinale folium over a single day. The journal of alternative and complementary medecine. 2009; 15(8):929-934.
[12] Goksu. E, Eken.C, Karadeniz.O. First report of hypoglycemia secondary to dandelion (Taraxacum Officinale) ingestion. The American Journal Of Emergency Medecine. 2010; 28(1):11.
[13] Mahboubi M, Mahboubi M, Hepatoprotection by dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) and mechanisms. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine ; 2019; 10(1):1-10.
[14] Karber C, Behrens B, Wie sind Reihenversuche für biologische Auswertungen am Zweckmässigsten Anzuordnen Arch. Exp. Path. Pharm., 1935; 177:379- 388.
[15] GOME MB, KOUAKOU K, TOURE A, TRAORE F, Étude de la toxicité aiguë et subchronique de l’extrait aqueux de Passiflora foetida Linn. (Passifloraceae) chez les rats et les souris. Int. J. Biol. Chem. Sci. 2011; 5(5):1777-1789
[16] Akhtar MS, Khan QM, Khaliq T, Identification of Dandelion Taraxacum officinale Leaves Components and Study Its Extracts Effect on Different Microorganisms. Journal of Al-Nahrain University. 2012; 15:37-14
[17] Hodge H.C, Sterner J.H, Determination of substance acute toxicity by LD50. American Industrial Hygien Association; 1943; 10:93.
[18] LOE GE, NGABA GP, KAMDOM M, MPONDO E, DIBONG SD, Evaluation des activités anti-inflammatoire et antiradicalaire de l’extrait au vin de palme des feuilles de Phragmanthera capitata (Sprengel) S. Balle (Loranthaceae) récoltées sur Psidium guajava au Cameroun. Int. J. Biol. Chem. Sci. 2018; 12(1):233-243.
[19] Harlan and the Harlan logo are trademarks of Harlan Laboratories, Inc. © 2014 Harlan Laboratories, Inc.
[20] Bragança DS, AGiostra E. « Elévation des tests hépatiques », (2017) Hôpitaux universitaires Genève, Suisse. https://www.hugge.ch/sites/interhug/files/structures/medecine_de_premier_recours/Strategies/strategie_tests_hepatiq ues.pdf
[21] Fall M, Boukandou M, Fall AD2, Cabral M, Diatta W, Gueye PM, Faye M, Bakou SN, Mendes V, Bassene E, Diouf A. Toxicité aiguë et subaiguë d’extrait aqueux de feuilles d’APHANIA SENEGALENSIS (JUSS. EX POIR.) sur des rats wistar acute and sub-acute toxiccity of the aqueous extract from APHANIA SENEGALENSIS (JUSS. EX POIR.) leaves in wistar rat. Dakar Med; 2011; 56(1).
[22] Assim AKMN, Farhan SA, Noori OM, Identification of Dandelion Taraxacum officinale Leaves Components and Study Its Extracts Effect on Different Microorganisms. Journal of Al-Nahrain University. 2012; 15(3):7-14.
[23] namdi CC, Uwakwe AA, Chuku LC, Hypoglycemic effects of aqueous and ethalonic extracts of dandelion (Taraxacum Officinale F.H. WIGC) leaves and roots on streptozotocin – induced albinos rats. Global Journal of Research on Medicinal Plants & Indigenous Medicine; Koppa 2012; 1(6):211-217.
[24] Mir MM, Sawhney SS, M. JassalMS, In-vitro antidiabetic studies of various extracts of Taraxacum officinale. The Pharma Innovation Journal 2015; 4(1):61-66.
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Bekhaled imene, Benalia A, mehida hayet, meziani samira, Tarfaoui luiza, Djjebar AA, Mai abdesslam H, Bensaid illias, demmouche A. Evaluation of the Acute Toxicity of Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) Roots. JDDT [Internet]. 15May2020 [cited 20May2024];10(3):159-63. Available from: https://jddtonline.info/index.php/jddt/article/view/4093
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