Preparation and evaluation of liposomal gel containing Neolamarckia cadamba leaves extract for anti-inflammatory activity
Abstract
The objective of present research work is to develop liposomes as a carrier system for methanolic extract, its incorporation in to gel formulations and to characterize the prepared and develop liposomal gel formulation. Formulation was carried out by thin film technique. Scanning electron micrograph of the prepared nanosponges at 50.00 kx magnification showed that the liposome was porous with a smooth surface morphology and spherical shape. The porous nature of liposome was clearly observed in the SEM images. Particle size and zeta potential was determined by Malvern Zeta sizer. The particle size analysis confirmed that the prepared sample were in the nanometer range. Average particle size obtained for the formulations F1 to F5 were 162.7 nm to 195.6 nm. Zeta potential values of liposome indicated that the formulated liposomes are stable. The amount of drug being entrapped in liposome was calculated and all the prepared liposome was found to possess very high entrapment efficiency. The viscosity of liposome loaded gel is found to 6842±0.32cps. The pH of liposome loaded gel is 6.3 and spreadability is 12.11, indicating that liposome loaded gel has high release and permeability. The in vitro anti-inflammatory effect of Neolamarckia cadamba extract was evaluated against denaturation of egg albumin. The present findings exhibited a concentration dependent inhibition of protein (albumin) denaturation by Neolamarckia cadamba throughout the concentration range of 20-100μg/ml. Diclofenac sodium (at the concentration range of 20-100 μg/ml) was used as reference drug which also exhibited concentration dependent inhibition of protein denaturation; however, the effect of diclofenac sodium was found to be less active when compared with extract name. Moreover, the results demonstrated that the liposome-based drug delivery approach could be a valuable tool to improve the therapeutic efficacy of phytochemicals by improving their absorption, and bioavailability via altering their physicochemical and release properties.
Keywords: Liposomes, Neolamarckia cadamba, Qualitative phytochemical screening, Thin film technique, In vitro anti-inflammatory activity.
Downloads
References
Sen S, Chakraborty R. Revival, modernization and integration of Indian traditional herbal medicine in clinical practice: Importance, challenges and future. J Tradit Comple Med. 2017; 7 (2): 234-244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcme.2016.05.006 PMid:28417092 PMCid:PMC5388083
Bhutani KK, Gohil VM. Natural products drug discovery research in India: status and appraisal. Indian J Exp Biol. 2010; 48 (3):199-207.
Mathur A, Joshi H. Traditional remedies used by migrant and local people in fever by plant species of Tarai region of Kumaun, Uttarakhand. Indian J Tradit Knowle. 2016;15 (3):519-523.
Pandey A, Negi PS. Traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of Neolamarckia cadamba: A review. J Ethnopharmacol. 2016; 181:118-135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2016.01.036 PMid:26821190
Umachigi SP, Kumar GS, Jayaveera KN, Dhanapal R. Antimicrobial, wound healing and antioxidant activities of Anthocephalus cadamba. Afr J Tradit Comple Altern Med. 2007;4 (4): 481-487. https://doi.org/10.4314/ajtcam.v4i4.31241
Alam MA, Subhan N, Chowdhary SA, Awal MA, Mostofa M, et al., Anthocephalus cadamba extract shows hypoglycaemic effect and eases oxidative stress in alloxan induced diabetic rats. Rev Bras Farmacogn. 2011; 21:155-164. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-695X2011005000033
Dubey A, Nayak S, Goupale DC. A review on phytochemical, pharmacological and toxicological studies on Neolamarckia cadamba. Der Pharm Lett. 2011; 3 (1): 45-54.
Mondal SK, Rahaman CH. Determination of informant's consensus and documentation of ethnoveterinary practices from Birbhum district of West Bengal, India. Indian J Tradit Knowle. 2014; 13 (4): 742-751.
Khandelwal V, Choudhary PK Goel A, Bhatia AK, Gururaj K, Gupta S, Singh SV. Immunomodulatory activity of Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser with reference to IL-2 induction. Indian J Tradit Knowle. 2018;17(3): 451-459.
Parajapati S, Maurya S, Das M, Tilak VK, Verma KK, Dhakar RC. Potential Application of Dendrimers in Drug Delivery: A Concise Review and Update. Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics. 2016;6(2):71-88 https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v6i2.1195
Maurya SD, Prajapati S, Gupta A, Saxena G, Dhakar RC, Formulation Development and Evaluation of Ethosome of Stavudine, Indian J.Pharm. Educ. Res. 44(1), Jan-Mar, 2010
Maurya SD, Aggarwal S, Tilak VK, Dhakar RC, Singh A, Maurya G, Enhanced Transdermal Delivery of Indinavir Sulfate via Transfersomes, Pharmacie Globale (IJCP) 2010;1(06):1-7
Laouini A, Jaafar-Maalej C, Limayem-Blouza I, Sfar S, Charcosset C, Fessi H. Preparation, characterization and applications of liposomes:
Weiner N, Martin F, Riaz M. Liposomes as a drug delivery system. Drug Dev Ind Pharm.1989;15(10):1523-54. https://doi.org/10.3109/03639048909052502
Sharma P, Jain DK, Jain NK, Jain A, Bhadoria US, Paliwal P, Jain SK. Anti-parkinson's potential of acorus calamus linn: a review. J Pharm Negat Results. 2022; 13(5):2540-7.
Jain N, Jain R, Jain A, Jain DK, Chandel HS. Evaluation of wound-healing activity of Acorus calamus Linn. Nat Prod Res. 2010; 24(6):534-41. https://doi.org/10.1080/14786410802531782 PMid:20182947
Parkhe G, Jain P, Jain DK. Total phenolic content, total flavonoid & anti-bacterial activity of hydroalcoholic Acacia catechu (LF) willd roots extracts for treatment of mouth ulcer. Pharmacologyonline. 2018; 2:227-33.
Pradhan A, Jain P, Pal M, Chauhan M, Jain DK. Qualitative and quantitative determination of phytochemical contents of hydroalcoholic extract of Salmalia malabarica. Pharmacologyonline. 2019; 1:21-6.
Moghimipour E, Salami A, Monjezi M. Formulation and evaluation of liposomes for transdermal delivery of celecoxib. Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod. 2015;10(1):145-150. https://doi.org/10.17795/jjnpp-17653 PMid:27747190 PMCid:PMC4379890
Singh KK, Vingkar SK. Formulation, antimalarial activity and biodistribution of oral lipid nanoemulsion of primaquine. Int J Pharm. 2008;347(1-2): 136-143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2007.06.035 Mid:17709216
Dorđevic SM, Cekic ND, Savic MM, Isailovic TM, Ranđelovic DV, Markovic B. Parenteral nanoemulsions as promising carriers for brain delivery of risperidone: Design, characterization and in vivo pharmacokinetic evaluation. Int J Pharm. 2015; 493(1-2): 40-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.07.007 PMid:26209070
Anwer MK, Mohammad M, Ezzeldin E, Fatima F, Alalaiwe A, Iqbal M. Preparation of sustained release apremilast-loaded PLGA nanoparticles: In vitro characterization and in vivo pharmacokinetic study in rats. Int J Nanomedicine. 2019;14: 1587. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S195048 PMid:30880967 PMCid:PMC6402442
Abbas MN, Khan SA, Sadozai SK, Khalil IA, Anter A, Fouly ME, Kazi M. Nanoparticles loaded thermoresponsive in situ gel for ocular antibiotic delivery against bacterial keratitis. Polymers 2022; 14(6): 1135. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14061135 PMid:35335465 PMCid:PMC8951139
Monica AS, Gautami J. Design and evaluation of topical hydrogel formulation of diclofenac sodium for improved therapy. Int J Pharml Sci Res. 2014; 5(5): 1973.
Keerthana K, Sandeep DS. Design, optimization, in vitro and in vivo evaluation of flurbiprofen loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNS) topical gel. Indian J Pharm Edu Res. 2022; 56(4): 234-239. https://doi.org/10.5530/ijper.56.4.179
Chandra S, Chatterjee P, Dey P, Bhattacharya S. Evaluation of in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of coffee against the denaturation of protein. Asian Pac J. Trop Biomed. 2012; 2(1): S178-S180. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2221-1691(12)60154-3
Copyright (c) 2024 Shamsh Ahsan Ansari, Archana Bagre, Surendra Jain
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0). that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
. 