Green Analytical Chemistry: A Comprehensive Review of Eco-Scale, Greenness Metrics, and Sustainability Approaches
Abstract
Green analytical chemistry (GAC) is developing quickly at the moment, necessitating the establishment of clear, succinct guidance in the form of GAC principles that will aid in greening laboratory operations. Because they fall short of analytical chemistry's requirements, the current green chemistry and green engineering principles need to be revised for application in GAC. This article presents a collection of 12 principles that will be crucial for GAC's future. These principles include some innovative ideas (like using natural reagents) as well as well-known ones (like reducing the use of energy and reagents and eliminating waste, risk, and hazard). The goal of green analytical chemistry is to make analytical processes safer for people and the environment. When evaluating the greenness of an analytical approach, a wide range of factors are taken into account, including the quantity and toxicity of reagents, waste generated, energy consumption, the number of procedural steps, miniaturization, and automation. The eco-scale assessment (ESA), the green analytical procedure index (GAPI), and the national environmental methods index (NEMI) are the three evaluation techniques.
Keywords: Green chemistry, National environmental method index, Eco-scale assessment, Green analytical procedure index.
Keywords:
Green chemistry, National environmental method index, Eco-scale assessment, Green analytical procedure indexDOI
https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v15i4.7089References
1. P.T. Anastas, Green chemistry and the role of analytical methodology development Crit. Rev. Anal. Chem. 1999;29 :167–175. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408349891199356
2. Keith, L.H.; Gron, L.U.; Young, J.L. Green analytical methodologies. Chem. Rev, 2007; 107: 2695–2708. https://doi.org/10.1021/cr068359e
3. J. Namies´nik, Trends in environmental analytics and monitoring, Crit. Rev. Anal. Chem. 2000 ;30: 221–269. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408340091164243
4. M. de la Guardia, S. Garrigues, An ethical commitment and economic Opportunity, in: M. de la Guardia, S. Garrigues (Eds.), Challenges in Green Analytical Chemistry, Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, 2011, pp. 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1039/9781849732963-00001
5. S.L.Y. Tang, R.L. Smith, M. Poliakoff, Principles of green chemistry: PRODUCTIVELY, Green Chem. 2005;7: 761–762. https://doi.org/10.1039/B513020B
6. S.Y. Tang, R.A. Bourne, R.L. Smith, M. Poliakoff, The 24 Principles of Green Engineering and Green Chemistry: ‘‘IMPROVEMENTS PRODUCTIVELY’’, Green Chem. 2008;10:268–269. https://doi.org/10.1039/B719469M
7. Suhani Barot, Dhruvi Modi, Anjali Patel, Mayuri Pathak, Dr. Khushbu Patel, Dr. C. N. Patel. A Comprehensive review on Green analytical chemistry. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 2024; 13(10): 232–246.
8. J.H. Clark, Green chemistry and environmentally friendly technologies, in: C.A.M. Afonso, J.G. Crespo (Eds.), Green Separation Processes, WILEY-VCH, Weinheim, 2005, pp. 3–18. https://doi.org/10.1002/3527606602.ch1a
9. T. Missiaen, M. Söderström, I. Popescu, P. Vanninen, Evaluation of a chemical Munition dumpsite in the Baltic Sea based on geophysical and chemical Investigations, Sci. Total Environ. 2010; 408 :3536–3553. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.04.056
10. D.J. Kalnicky, R. Singhvi, Field portable XRF analysis of environmental samples, J. Hazard. Mater. 2001; 83:93–122.
11. P.J. Lamothe, A. Koenig, R. Wanty, D. Borrok, Recent geochemical investigations at the U.S. Geological Survey, Mineralogia Spec. Pap. 2010; 36 :21–22.
12. Z.M. Migaszewski, A. Gałuszka, P. Pasławski, The use of the barbell cluster ANOVA design for the assessment of environmental pollution: a case study, Wigierski National Park, NE Poland, Environ. Pollut. 2005;133: 213–223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2004.06.007
13. C.M.A. Brett, Novel sensor devices and monitoring strategies for green and Sustainable chemistry processes, PureAppl.Chem.2007;79:1969–1980. https://doi.org/10.1351/pac200779111969
14. O. Chailapakul, S. Korsrisakul, W. Siangproh, K. Grudpan, Fast and Simultaneous detection of heavy metals using a simple and reliable Microchip-electrochemistry route: An alternative approach to food analysis, Talanta 2008;74 :683–689.
15. Barot S, Modi D, Patel A, Pathak M, Patel K, Patel CN. A Comprehensive review on Green analytical chemistry. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 2024; 13(10): 232–246.
16. Potka-Wasylka, J.; Fabjanowicz, M.; Kalinowska, K.; Namieśnik, J. History and milestones of green analytical chemistry. In Green Analytical Chemistry; Springer: Singapore, 2019; 1–17.
17. Tobiszewski, M.; Marć, M.; Gałuszka, A.; Namieśnik, J. Green chemistry metrics with Special reference to green analytical chemistry. Molecules, 2015; 20: 10928–10946. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules200610928
18. Tobiszewski, M. Metrics for green analytical chemistry. Anal. Method, 2016; 8: 2993– 2999. https://doi.org/10.1039/C6AY00478D
Published
Abstract Display: 268 
PDF Downloads: 255 PDF Downloads: 6 How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2025 Rama Rao Tadikonda , Afreen, Srilaxmi Battula
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0). that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
How to Cite
.