Correlation of Three Anthropometric Parameters with the Percentage of Body Fat and Visceral Fat in the Productive Age Group
Abstract
Currently, obesity is a problem for both developed and developing countries. Obesity nutritional status is associated with body fat levels, central obesity and is associated with various diseases This study analyzes the correlation between body mass index, waist circumference, and the ratio of waist to hip to body fat percentage and visceral fat based on gender. An observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design, involving sixty-three employees aged 19-60 years in February 2021. Subject characteristics data were collected using a questionnaire, in addition to physical examination to obtain anthropometric data in the form of weight, height, waist circumference, hip circumference. Data on the percentage of body fat and visceral fat were obtained using the Mi body composition digital tool. The Pearson's correlation test was used for analysis and the significance level used was 0.05. A total of 49.2 % of subjects were categorized as obese based on body mass index. In the male group, there was a strong and significant positive correlation between BMI, WC, with the percentage of body fat and visceral fat with p =0.000. However, in female subjects, a significant positive correlation was found between BMI, WC, with visceral fat in women with p = 0.000. BMI, WC, and WHR correlated strongly with body fat and visceral fat levels in men. In the female group, BMI and WC were strongly correlated with visceral fat.
Keywords: anthropometric, fat, visceral
Keywords:
anthropometric, fat, visceralDOI
https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v12i2.5365References
World Health Organization. Obesity and overweight. Available at;https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight
Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Hasil Utama Riskesdas 2018. Available at http://www.depkes.go.id/resources/download/info-terkini/hasil-riskesdas-2018.pdf.
Dinas Kesehatan DKI Jakarta 2017. Available at https://dinkes.jakarta.go.id/profil-kesehatan-dki-jakarta
Sundari LPR. Defisiensi vitamin D pada obesitas. Sport & Fitness Journal.2018; 6(1):1-5. https://doi.org/10.24843/spj.2018.v06.i01.p01
Pusparini. Defisiensi vitamin D terhadap penyakit. Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pathology and Medical Laboratory. 2014; 21(1):90-5. https://doi.org/10.24293/ijcpml.v21i1.1265
Sofa M. Kejadian obesitas, obesitas sentral dan kelebihan lemak visceral pada lansia wanita. Amerta Nutr. 2018:228-36. https://doi.org/10.20473/amnt.v2i3.2018.228-236
Romero-Corral A, Somers VK, Sierra-Johnson J, et al. Normal weight obesity: a risk factor for cardiometabolic dysregulation and cardiovascular mortality. Eur Heart J. 2010; 31(6):737-46. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehp487
Nuttall FQ. Body mass index: obesity, BMI, and health. Nutrition Today 2015; 50(3):117-28. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/NT.0000000000000100
A Shwell M, Gibson G. Waist to height ratio as an indicator of early health risk: simpler and more predictive than using a matrix based on BMI and waist circumference. BMJ. 2016; 6:e010159. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2015-010159
Macek P, Biskup M, Terek DM, et al. Optimal body fat percentage cut-off value in predicting the obesity-related cardiovascular risk factors: A cross-sectional cohort study. Dovepress.2020; 13:1587-97. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/DMSO.S248444
Wilmet G, Verlinde R, Vandevoorde J, Carnol L, Devroey D. Correlation between body mass index and abdominal circumference in Belgian adult: a cross-sectional study. Rom J Intern Med 2017; 55:28-35. https://doi.org/10.1515/rjim-2016-0050
Khabazkhoob M, Emamian MH, Hashemi H, et al. Prevalence overweight and obesity in the middle-age population: A priority for the health system. Iran J Public Health. 2017; 46(6):827-34.
Omar SM, Taha Z, Hassan AA, et al. Prevalence and factors associated with overweight and central obesity among adults in the Eastern Sudan. Plos One. 2020; 15(4): e0232624.DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0232624
Nuzrina R. Analysis of differences in food consumption patterns and macronutrient intake of the people of Sumatra and Java. Nutrire Diaita 2016; 8(2):114-25.
Saputri R, Lestari LA, Susilo J. Food consumption pattern and family food security in Kampar Regency of Riau Province. Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia 2016; 12(3):123-30 https://doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.23110
Derby CA, Zilber S, Brambilla D Body mass index, waist circumference, and waist to hip ratio and change in sex steroid hormones: the Massachusetts Male Ageing Study. J Clin Endocrinol 65(1):125-131. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2265.2006.02560.x
Yunieswati W, Briawan D. Anthropometry status with several indicators for first-year students in Bogor Agriculture University. J Gizi Pangan 2014; 9(3):181-6.
Carpenter CL, Yan E, Chen S. Body fat and body-mass index among a multiethnic sampleof college-age men and women. Jurnal of Obesity 2013; ID 790654,7. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/790654
Koscinski K. Attractiveness of women's body: body mass index, waist-hip ratio, and their relative importance. Behav Ecol 2013. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/beheco/art016
Verma V, Soni A, Joglekar A. Relationship between body mass index and percent body fat among females of Raipur City. BLAST 2015; 8(2):213-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.9734/BJAST/2015/16546
Okindele MO, Phillips JS, Igumbor EU. Ther relationship between body fat percentage and body mass index in overweight and obese individuals in an urban African setting. Journal of Public Health in Africa 2016; 7:515. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4081/jphia.2016.515
Ranasinghe C, Gamage P, Katulanda P, Andraweera, Thilakarathne S, Tharanga P. Relationship between body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage, estimated by bioelectrical impedance, in a group of Sri Lankan adults: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2013; 13:797. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-13-797
Flegal KM, Shepherd JA, Looker AC, et al. Comparisons of percentage body fat, body mass index, waist circumference, and waist-stature ratio in adults. Am J Clin Nutr 2009; 89:500-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.2008.26847
Swaison MG, Batterham AM, Tsakirides C, Rutherford ZH, Hind k. Prediction of whole-body percentage and visceral adipose tissue mass from five anthropometric variables. PLOS ONE 2017; 12(5): e0177175. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0177175
Zhang FL, Ren JX, Zhang P, et al. Strong Association of Waist Circumference (WC), Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist-to-Height Ratio (WHtR), and Waist-to-Hip Ratio (WHR) with Diabetes: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study in Jilin Province, China. J Diabetes Des 2021; 14:8812431. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8812431
Okorodudu DO, Jumean MF, Montori VM, et al. Diagnostic performance of body mass index to identify obesity as defined by body adiposity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Obesity 2010; 34 (5):791- 99. https://doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2010.5
Eghan Jnr BA, Yeboah FA, Fogbe E. Waist circumference and hip circumference as potential predictors of visceral fat estimate among type 2 diabetic patients at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH), Kumasi-Ghana. AlexandriaJournal Medicine 2019; 5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/20905068.2019.1658340
Published



How to Cite
Issue
Section
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0). that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).