Review of Orodispersible Tablet: The Current Trends

Abstract

Orodispersible tablets (ODTs) are an advanced dosage form that disintegrate rapidly in the oral cavity upon contact with saliva, without the need for water or chewing. This unique property makes them particularly advantageous for pediatric and geriatric populations, as well as for patients experiencing dysphagia or poor compliance with conventional solid dosage forms. Beyond improving ease of administration, ODTs can enhance drug absorption, patient adherence and therapeutic effectiveness.  The development of ODTs involves the incorporation of specialized excipients such as superdisintegrants, diluents and taste masking agents that promote rapid disintegration and improve palatability. Various manufacturing approaches have been employed, including conventional techniques like tablet moulding, freeze drying as well as advanced methods such as spray drying, sublimation and the application of nanotechnology.  More recently, three-dimensional (3D) printing has emerged as a promising tool, enabling personalised dosage forms with improved functionality. Quality evaluation of ODTs encompasses parameters such as hardness, friability, weight variation, disintegration time and drug content uniformity while packaging plays a vital role in ensuring stability and protection against environmental factors. With several marketed formulations already available, ODTs continue to gain importance as a patient-friendly and effective drug delivery system, offering significant potential for future pharmaceutical innovations.

Keywords: Orodispersible, Superdisintegrants, Formulations, Lyophilization, Microencapsulation, Nanotechnology.