Risk Factors of Oral Candidiasis Post Teeth Extraction: Scoping Review
Abstract
Introduction: Tooth extraction can lead to several complications; therefore, it is essential to assess the patient's condition to prevent potential complications carefully. Candida infection is one type of complication triggered by tooth extraction. Oral candidiasis is a common fungal infection in humans caused by the overgrowth of Candida albicans, the primary etiological agent. Tooth extraction can increase a person's risk of developing oral candidiasis due to environmental changes in the oral cavity that can increase fungal growth so that the post-extraction wound area becomes prone to candida infection. This scoping review aims to analyze risk factors for oral candidiasis in patients after tooth extraction. Methods: The writing followed the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Articles are searched using electronic databases, namely PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Elsevier. The population in this review was patients diagnosed with oral candidiasis after tooth extraction. Full-text journals in English published from 2013 to 2023 non-literature review research method. Results: Seven articles were obtained that met the inclusion criteria. The study design used, namely 2 experimental articles and 5 case report articles, showed the occurrence of oral candidiasis after tooth extraction due to immunocompromised conditions which caused the body to experience decreased immunity, causing a delay in the wound healing process and failure to fight Candida infection. Positive fungal culture results for Candida spp. confirmed the diagnosis of oral candidiasis. Conclusion: The act of tooth extraction increases the risk of oral candidiasis, which is triggered by the patient's underlying condition, rendering the commensal fungus Candida albicans pathogenic. This is proven based on research findings in the last 10 years, post-extraction oral candidiasis occurs, accompanied by Immunocompromised conditions such as diabetes, HIV, grave diseases, hypertensive conditions, and also found due to abuse of heroin, opioids, and marijuana.
Keywords: teeth extraction, oral candidiasis, Candida Albicans, delayed wound healing.
Keywords:
teeth extraction, oral candidiasis, Candida Albicans, delayed wound healingDOI
https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v15i7.7252References
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