Application of Acetylated Corn Starch as a Sustained Release Formulation in Metronidazole Tablets
Abstract
Objective(s): This study aimed to assess the impact of acetylation on the disintegrant properties of corn starch and evaluate its effectiveness as a sustained release formulation in metronidazole tablets.
Design: Experimental study involving acetylation of corn starch using acetic anhydride.
Intervention(s): Formulation of granules with varying concentrations of acetylated corn starch as disintegrant, followed by tablet production.
Main Outcome Measure(s): Disintegration time, sustained release of metronidazole, tablet properties (friability, hardness, content uniformity), and release kinetics.
Results: Acetylated corn starch increased disintegration time, resulting in sustained release of metronidazole over several hours. Tablets met standard requirements for friability (<1% weight loss), hardness (>5 kg/cm²), and content uniformity (>90% active ingredient). The release profile showed a controlled release pattern, indicating the potential of acetylated corn starch as a sustained release polymer.
Conclusion:
Acetylation successfully modified corn starch, making it an effective polymer for sustained release metronidazole tablets. This study demonstrates the potential of acetylated corn starch in formulation development for sustained release applications.
Keywords: Disintegration, Acetylation, Sustained Release.
Keywords:
Disintegration, Acetylation, Sustained ReleaseDOI
https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v15i5.7141References
1. Shen SI, Jasti BR, Li X. Design of Controlled Release Drug Delivery Systems. In: Robinson JR, Lee VH, editors. Standard Handbook of Biomedical Engineering Design. 11th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Companies; 2003. p. 1-14.
2. Okunlola A, Patel RP, Odeku OA. Formulation optimization of floating microbeads containing modified Chinese yam starch using factorial design. J Excipients Food Chem. 2012;3(1):17-25.
3. Rajan A, Sudha J, Abraham T. Enzymatic modification of cassava starch by fungal lipase. Ind Crops Prod. 2008;27(1):50-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2007.07.003
4. Okunlola A, Adebayo SA, Adeyeye MC. Solid State Characterization of Two Tropical Starches Modified by Pregelatinization and Acetylation: Potential as Excipients in Pharmaceutical Formulations. Br J Pharm Res. 2015;5(1):58-71. https://doi.org/10.9734/BJPR/2015/13445
5. Korhonen O, Pohja S, Peltonen S, Suikho E, Vidgren M, Paronen P, et al. Effects of physical properties. AAPS PharmSciTech. 2002;3(4):1-9. https://doi.org/10.1208/pt030434 PMid:12916928 PMCid:PMC2751342
6. Tuovinen L, Peltonen S, Järvinen K. Drug release from starch-acetate films. J Control Release. 2003;91(3):345-354. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-3659(03)00259-1 PMid:12932712
7. Smith J, et al. Therapeutic advances in drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2020;158:132-146.
8. Johnson P, Brown S. Formulation optimization in drug development. Pharm Dev Technol. 2018;23(6):551-560.
9. Jones M. Enhancing patient adherence in chronic illness: The role of pharmacist interventions. Int J Clin Pharm. 2019;41(5):1324-1334.
10. Brown M, Johnson A, Smith B. Polymeric considerations in sustained release formulations: A comprehensive review. J Pharm Sci. 2019;108(3):871-889.
11. Young AH. Fractionation of starch. In: Whistler RL, Bemiller JN, Pashall EF, editors. Starch
Chem Technol. 2nd ed. London: Academic Press; 1984. p. 249-283.
12. Ogawa K, Hirai I, Shimasaki C, Yoshimura T, Ono S, Rengakuji S, et al. Simple determination method of degree of substitution for starch acetate. Bull Chem Soc Jpn. 1999;72:2785-2790. https://doi.org/10.1246/bcsj.72.2785
13. Iram Jahan A. Global Trends Pharm Sci. 2019;10(3):6505-6515.
14. Röper H. Industrial products from starch: trends and developments. Proc VIIth Int Starch Conf; 1996 Jun 12-14; Cracow. p. 217-232. https://doi.org/10.1080/01973762.1996.9658377
15. Singh A, Nath L. Evaluation of acetylated moth bean starch as a carrier for controlled drug delivery. Int J Biol Macromol. 2012;50(2):362-368. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2011.12.011
PMid:22210486 PMCid:PMC3281192
16. Maddiboyina B, Nakkala RR, Hanumanaik M. Formulation Development and Characterization of Enteric Coated Tablets of Lansoprazole. Der Pharm Lett. 2020;12:22-38.
17. International Pharmacopoeia. 8th ed. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018.
Published
Abstract Display: 573 
PDF Downloads: 836 PDF Downloads: 79 How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2025 Chinelo Emmanuella Nnanyereugo , Ogbonna Okorie
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0). that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
How to Cite
.