Coating Tablets, Compositions, Recent Advancement and Current Status: A Comprehensive Review
Abstract
Conventional Tablets are solid oral dosage forms that contain an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) along with excipients. These tablets are typically prepared through direct compression, wet granulation, or dry granulation. They are designed to disintegrate and release the API in a controlled or immediate manner, depending on the formulation. Tablet coating is a vital process in pharmaceutical technology, designed to improve the therapeutic efficacy, patient compliance, and stability of oral dosage forms. This comprehensive review explores the key aspects of tablet coating, including the types, compositions, and recent advancements. Coating materials such as polymers, plasticizers, and pigments are discussed in detail, along with their roles in controlling drug release, masking taste, and enhancing aesthetic appeal. The recent advancements focus on innovative coating techniques like film coatings, enteric coatings, and the application of nanotechnology to improve precision and functionality. Additionally, the current status of tablet coating is analyzed in terms of regulatory compliance and industry trends. The review highlights the future potential of personalized coatings, smart coatings, and environmentally friendly approaches, showcasing the evolving landscape of tablet coating technologies/pans in modern pharmaceutical manufacturing and development.
Keywords: Table coating; dosage form; enteric; coating pans; formulation; advancement; polymers
Keywords:
Table coating, dosage form, enteric, coating pans, formulation, polymers, advancementDOI
https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i10.6809References
Arora R, Rathore KS, Bharakatiya M. "An overview on tablet coating." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, 2019; 7(4):89-92. https://doi.org/10.22270/ajprd.v7i4.547
Venkateswara RB, Navaneetha K, Reddy KB. "Tablet coating industry point view-a comprehensive review." Int. J. Pharm. Biol. Sci, 2013; 3.1:248-61.
Ganguly, D, et al. "A brief review on recent advancement of tablet coating technology." Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research, 2022; 10(1):07-14. https://doi.org/10.18231/J.JOAPR.2022.7.14
Nehal ASA, et al. "Tablet coating techniques: Concept and recent trends." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research, 2021, 66(1):43-53. https://doi.org/10.47583/ijpsrr.2021.v66i01.010
Aalok B, De A, Dey S. "Techniques of tablet coating: concepts and advancements." A comprehensive review. RRJPPS, 2013; 2.4: 1-6.
Pal R, et al. "The Pharmaceutical Polymer's; A current status in drug delivery: A Comprehensive Review." Journal of Survey in Fisheries Sciences, 2023;3682-3692.
Seo KS, Bajracharya R, Lee SH, Han HK. Pharmaceutical application of tablet film coating. Pharmaceutics. 2020 Sep;12(9):853. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics12090853
Gaikwad SS, Kshirsagar SJ. Review on Tablet in Tablet techniques. Beni-Suef university journal of basic and applied sciences. 2020 Dec;9:1-7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43088-019-0027-7
Muliadi A, Sojka PE. A review of pharmaceutical tablet spray coating. Atomization and Sprays. 2010;20(7). https://doi.org/10.1615/AtomizSpr.v20.i7.40
Sah AK, Jangdey MS, Daharwal SJ. Tablet coating technology: An overview. Asian Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2014;4(2):83-97.
Behzadi SS, Toegel S, Viernstein H. Innovations in coating technology. Recent patents on drug delivery & formulation. 2008 Nov 1;2(3):209-30.
https://doi.org/10.2174/187221108786241633
Toschkoff G, Just S, Knop K, Kleinebudde P, Funke A, Djuric D, Scharrer G, Khinast JG. Modeling of an active tablet coating process. Journal of pharmaceutical sciences. 2015 Dec 1;104(12):4082-92. https://doi.org/10.1002/jps.24621
Dasalkar AM, Munde VS. "A review: film coated tablets." Intl J Adv Eng Management, 2023:462-474.
Dumpa M, Kamadi M, Vadaga A. Comprehensive Review on Tablet Coating Problems and Remedies. Journal of Pharma Insights and Research. 2024 Feb 4;2(1):042-9.
Yuniarsih N, Kurniawati I, Mudrikah S, Amelia T, Bintang I, Pranata F, Sukandar D. Literature Review Article Effect of Tablet Coating on Drug Stability. Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research. 2023 May 7;3(2):1072-83.
Bansari M, Vyas J, Upadhyay U. A concise review on tablet in tablet.
Arafat M, Sakkal M, Bostanudin MF, Alhanbali OA, Yuvaraju P, Beiram R, Sadek B, Akour A, AbuRuz S. Enteric-coating film effect on the delayed drug release of pantoprazole gastro-resistant generic tablets. F1000Research. 2023;12. https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.140607.1
Meruva S, Singaraju AB, Vinjamuri BP, Ternik R, Stagner WC. Current State of Minitablet Product Design: A Review. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2024 Feb 16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xphs.2024.02.016
Tran BN, Tran KL, Nguyen TT, Bui LP, Nguyen CN. A Novel Alginate Film based on Nanocoating Approach for enteric-release tablets. AAPS PharmSciTech. 2023 Apr 6;24(4):99. https://doi.org/10.1208/s12249-023-02557-0
Mute DV, Shelar TM. Tablets Manufacturing Defects and Remedies.
Bharadia P, Pandya VM. A review on aqueous film coating technology. Indian Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology. 2014;1(1):64-106.
Fernandes EC, Rondolfo N, Beraldo-de-Araújo V, Oliveira- Nascimento L. Quality deviation handling on the polymeric coating of pharmaceutical tablets. Journal of Pharmaceutical Innovation. 2019 Dec;14:332-40. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12247-018-9359-
Kapoor D, Maheshwari R, Verma K, Sharma S, Ghode P, Tekade RK. Coating technologies in pharmaceutical product development. In Drug delivery systems 2020 Jan 1 (pp. 665-719). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-814487-9.00014-4
Zaid AN. A comprehensive review on pharmaceutical film coating: past, present, and future. Drug Design, Development and Therapy. 2020 Oct 29:4613-23. https://doi.org/10.2147/DDDT.S277439
Feng H, Mohan S. Application of process analytical technology for pharmaceutical coating: challenges, pitfalls, and trends. AAPS PharmSciTech. 2020 Jun 28;21(5):179. https://doi.org/10.1208/s12249-020-01727-8
Suzzi D, Radl S, Khinast JG. Local analysis of the tablet coating process: Impact of operation conditions on film quality. Chemical Engineering Science. 2010 Nov 1;65(21):5699-715. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2010.07.007
Pandey P, Pal R, Khadam VK, Chawra HS, Singh RP. Advancement and Characteristics of Non-Ionic Surfactant Vesicles (Niosome) and their Application for Analgesics, International Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation, 2024;14(3):616-632 https://doi.org/10.5530/ijpi.14.3.74
Dasalkar, Ankita Madhavrao, and V. S. Munde. "A review: film coated tablets." Intl J Adv Eng Management, 2023, 5.2: 462-474.
Ubhe TS, Gedam P. A brief overview on tablet and it's types. Journal of Advancement in Pharmacology. 2020 Oct 27;1(1):21- 31.
Dubey A, Boukouvala F, Keyvan G, Hsia R, Saranteas K, Brone D, Misra T, Ierapetritou MG, Muzzio FJ. Improvement of tablet coating uniformity using a quality by design approach. AAPS PharmSciTech. 2012 Mar;13:231-46. https://doi.org/10.1208/s12249-011-9723-x
Dhakar RC, Maurya SD, Sagar BPS, Bhagat S, Prajapati SK, Jain CP, Variables influencing the drug entrapment efficiency of microspheres: A pharmaceutical review, Der Pharmacia Lettre, 2010;2(5):102-116
Hussan SD, Santanu R, Verma P, Bhandari V. A review on recent advances of enteric coating. IOSR J Pharm. 2012 Nov;2(6):05-11. https://doi.org/10.9790/3013-2610511
Felton LA, Porter SC. An update on pharmaceutical film coating for drug delivery. Expert opinion on drug delivery. 2013 Apr 1;10(4):421-35.
https://doi.org/10.1517/17425247.2013.763792
Bharadia P, Pandya VM. A review on aqueous film coating technology. Indian Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology. 2014;1(1):64-106.
Cunningham C, Hansell J, Nuneviller III F, Rajabi-Siahboomi AR. Evaluation of recent advances in continuous film coating processes. Drug development and industrial pharmacy. 2010 Jan 21;36(2):227-33. https://doi.org/10.3109/03639040903410326
Ketterhagen W, Aliseda A, Am Ende M, Berchielli A, Doshi P, Freireich B, Prpich A. Modeling tablet film-coating processes. InPredictive Modeling of Pharmaceutical Unit Operations 2017 Jan 1 (pp. 273-316). Woodhead Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-100154-7.00010-7
Korth-Bradley JM, Mayer P, Mansfield D, Tucker H, Wu D. Comparative bioavailability study of single-dose film-coated and sugar-coated ethionamide tablets in healthy volunteers. Clinical therapeutics. 2014 Jun 1;36(6):982-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinthera.2014.04.014
Basu A, De A, Dey S. Techniques of tablet coating: concepts and advancements. A comprehensive review. RRJPPS. 2013;2(4):1-6.
Pal R, Pandey P, Jha D, Dutta P, Sahoo S, Gupta R, Rizwan M, Keskar MS, Kumar V, Chawra HS. The Utilization of 32Full Factorial Design (FFD) for Optimization of Lincomycin Hydrochloride (LNH) Loaded Nanogel Involving; Design of Experiments (DoE) an Advanced Approach. Advances in Research. 2023 Dec 21;24(6):272-81. https://doi.org/10.9734/air/2023/v24i61009
Porter, Stuart C. "Tablet coating." Drug Cosmetic Industry,1981,
5: 46-93.
El-Malah Y, Nazzal S. Preparation of delayed release tablet dosage forms by compression coating: Effect of coating material on theophylline release. Pharmaceutical Development and Technology. 2010 Jun 1;15(3):305-10. https://doi.org/10.3109/10837450903188519
Ellis JR, Prillig EB, Amann AH. Tablet coating. The Theory and Practice of Industrial Pharmacy, 2nd edn., Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. 1976:359-88.
Prajapati SK, Maurya SD, Das MK, Tilak VK, Verma KK, Dhakar RC, Dendrimers in drug delivery, diagnosis and therapy: basics and potential applications, Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics. 2016;6(1):67-92 https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v6i1.1190
Barimani S, Kleinebudde P. Monitoring of tablet coating processes with colored coatings. Talanta. 2018 Feb 1;178:686-97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2017.10.008
Pandey P, Pal R, Rizwan M, Saxena A, Koli M, Nogai L, Pal AK, Kumar N. The recent approaches in nano-technology with applications of 3-D printing (3DP) in diverse advanced drug delivery system (DDS). Euro. Chem. Bull. 2023;12:4444-58.
Wirges M, Funke A, Serno P, Knop K, Kleinebudde P. Monitoring of an active coating process for two-layer tablets-model development strategies. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2013 Feb 1;102(2):556-64. https://doi.org/10.1002/jps.23383
Cole GC, May G, Neale PJ, Ridgway K. The design and performance of an instrumentation system for aqueous film coating in an industrial tablet coating machine. Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy. 1983 Jan 1;9(6):909-44. https://doi.org/10.3109/03639048309042833
Römer M, Heinämäki J, Strachan C, Sandler N, Yliruusi J. Prediction of tablet film-coating thickness using a rotating plate coating system and NIR spectroscopy. Aaps Pharmscitech. 2008 Dec;9:1047-53. https://doi.org/10.1208/s12249-008-9142-9
Val'ter MB. Development of the manufacture of multilayer and coated tablets. Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal. 1975 Oct;9(10):654-61. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00758695
Chambliss WG. Conventional and specialized coating pans. InPharmaceutical pelletization technology 2022 Feb 23 (pp. 15-
. CRC Press. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003066231-2
Behzadi SS, Toegel S, Viernstein H. Innovations in coating technology. Recent patents on drug delivery & formulation. 2008 Nov 1;2(3):209-30.
https://doi.org/10.2174/187221108786241633
Pal R, Pandey P, Nogai L, Anand A, Suthar P, SahdevKeskar M, Kumar V. The future perspectives and novel approach on gastro retentive drug delivery system (GRDDS) with currrent state. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology. 2023 Sep 19;30(17):594-613.
https://doi.org/10.53555/jptcp.v30i17.2852
Agrawal AM, Pandey P. Scale up of pan coating process using quality by design principles. Journal of pharmaceutical sciences. 2015 Nov 1;104(11):3589-611.
https://doi.org/10.1002/jps.24582
Ranjan A, Adhikari P, Verma RK, Parthiban A, Singh M, Kumar A. Advances in Pharmaceutical Coatings and Coating Materials. Functional Coatings for Biomedical, Energy, and Environmental Applications. 2024 Oct 22:145.
Pandey P. Studies to investigate variables affecting coating uniformity in a pan coating device. West Virginia University; 2006.
Behzadi SS, Toegel S, Viernstein H. Innovations in coating technology. Recent patents on drug delivery & formulation. 2008 Nov 1;2(3):209-30.
https://doi.org/10.2174/187221108786241633
Jones DM. Coating processes and equipment. InPharmaceutical Dosage Forms-Tablets 2008 Jun 3 (pp. 389-414). CRC Press. https://doi.org/10.3109/9781420020281-15
Wang J, Hemenway J, Chen W, Desai D, Early W, Paruchuri S, Chang SY, Stamato H, Varia S. An evaluation of process parameters to improve coating efficiency of an active tablet film-coating process. International journal of pharmaceutics. 2012 May 10;427(2):163-
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.01.033
Butensky IS. Automatic Coating of Tablets (Doctoral dissertation, University of Michigan).
Hadfield PJ. 3 Processing and Equipment Considerations for Aqueous Coatings. Aqueous Polymeric Coatings for Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms. 2016 Sep 19:49. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315369938-4
Parajapati S, Maurya S, Das M, Tilak VK, Verma KK, Dhakar RC. Potential Application of Dendrimers in Drug Delivery: A Concise Review and Update. Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics. 2016;6(2):71-88 https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v6i2.1195
Friedman M, Donbrow M. Fluidized bed coating technique for production of sustained release granules. Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy. 1978 Jan 1;4(4):319-31. https://doi.org/10.3109/03639047809060846
Lin SY, Krochta JM. Fluidized-bed system for whey protein film coating of peanuts. Journal of food process engineering. 2006 Oct;29(5):532-46. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745- 4530.2006.00081.x
Abletshauser CB, Schneider R, Rupprecht H. Film coating of pellets with insoluble polymers obtained in situ crosslinking in the fluidized bed. Journal of controlled release. 1993 Nov 1;27(2):149-
https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-3659(93)90218-T
Pal R, Pandey P, Koli M, Srivastava K, Tiwari V, Gaur AK, Dutta P. The Comprehensive Review: Exploring Future Potential of Nasopulmonary Drug Delivery Systems for Nasal Route Drug Administration. Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics. 2024 Mar 15;14(3):126-36. https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i3.6444
Pal R, Pandey P, Maurya VK, Saxena A, Rizwan M, Koli M, Shakya S, Pinki K. Optimization and formulation of doxorubicin (DOX) loaded liposome well-used in chemotherapy involving quality by design (QbD): a transitory research. European Chemical Bulletin. 2023;12:4491-510.
https://doi.org/10.22271/phyto.2023.v12.i6b.14779
Schreiber R, Vogt C, Werther J, Brunner G. Fluidized bed coating at supercritical fluid conditions. The Journal of supercritical fluids. 2002 Nov 1;24(2):137-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0896-
(02)00029-3
Turk M. An analysis of the mini-tablet fluidized bed coating process. Chemical Engineering Research and Design. 2018 Jun 1;134:15-25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cherd.2018.03.020
Turton R, Tardos GI, Ennis BJ. Fluidized bed coating and granulation. InFluidization, solids handling, and processing 1999 Jan 1 (pp. 331-434). William Andrew Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-081551427-5.50008-9
Kumar S, Garg SK. Fast dissolving tablets (FDTs): Current status, new market opportunities, recent advances in manufacturing technologies and future prospects. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2014;6(7):22-35.
Sabnis SS, Dhavale ND, Jadhav VY, Gandhi SV. Column reversed- phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method for simultaneous determination of rabeprazole sodium and domperidone in combined tablet dosage form. Journal of AOAC International. 2008 Mar 1;91(2):344-8. https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/91.2.344
Zhang J, Liu H, Tang L, Lin H, Yao Y, Tong Y, Jin M, Wang K. Pharmacokinetics and food impact assessment of ademetionine enteric-coated tablet as an endogenous substance drug in healthy
Chinese volunteers. Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics. 2022 Jun;47(6):738-44. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpt.13601
Park HJ, Jung HJ, Ho MJ, Lee DR, Cho HR, Choi YS, Jun J, Son M, Kang MJ. Colon-targeted delivery of solubilized bisacodyl by doubly enteric-coated multiple-unit tablet. European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2017 May 1;102:172-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejps.2017.03.006
Behrend M, Braun F. Enteric-coated mycophenolate sodium: tolerability profile compared with mycophenolate mofetil. Drugs. 2005 Jun;65(8):1037-50. https://doi.org/10.2165/00003495-
-00001
Barse SA, Gosavi SA, Kasture VS. Comparative spectrophotometric analysis of simultaneous estimation of esomeprazole and domperidone in tablet dosage form. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2011;4(9):1363-6.
Chaurasia M, Singh R, Sur S, Flora SJ. A review of FDA approved drugs and their formulations for the treatment of breast cancer. Frontiers in Pharmacology. 2023 Jul 28;14:1184472. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2023.1184472
Herbrink M, Groenland SL, Huitema AD, Schellens JH, Beijnen JH, Steeghs N, Nuijen B. Solubility and bioavailability improvement of pazopanib hydrochloride. International journal of pharmaceutics. 2018 Jun 10;544(1):181-90.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.04.037
Ji Y, Abdelhady AM, Samant TS, Yang S, Rodriguez Lorenc K. Evaluation of absolute oral bioavailability and bioequivalence of ribociclib, a cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor, in healthy subjects. Clinical Pharmacology in Drug Development. 2020 Oct;9(7):855-66. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpdd.853
Lertdumrongluk P, Somparn P, Kittanamongkolchai W, Traitanon O, Vadcharavivad S, Avihingsanon Y. Pharmacokinetics of mycophenolic acid in severe lupus nephritis. Kidney international. 2010 Aug 2;78(4):389-95. https://doi.org/10.1038/ki.2010.170
Mohamed GG, Frag EY, Sedeek AA. Spectrophotometric methods for determination of tranexamic acid and etamsylate in pure form and pharmaceutical formulation. Insight Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2015;5:1-7. https://doi.org/10.5567/IPHARMA-IK.2015.1.7
Rhodes CT, Porter SC. Coatings for controlled-release drug delivery systems. Drug development and industrial pharmacy. 1998 Jan 1;24(12):1139-54.
https://doi.org/10.3109/03639049809108573
Salawi A. Pharmaceutical coating and its different approaches, a review. Polymers. 2022 Aug 15;14(16):3318. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14163318
Chhater S, Rajesh K, Kshitij A, Nema RK. Development and evaluation of enteric coated tablet containing diclofenac sodium. International journal of pharmaceutical sciences and nanotechnology. 2009;2:443-9. https://doi.org/10.37285/ijpsn.2009.2.1.8
Wilson B, Babubhai PP, Sajeev MS, Jenita JL, Priyadarshini SB. Sustained release enteric coated tablets of pantoprazole: Formulation, in vitro and in vivo evaluation. Acta Pharmaceutica. 2013 Mar 31;63(1):131-40. https://doi.org/10.2478/acph-2013-
Rajesh M, Nagaraju K, Buhary SS. Formulation and evaluation of clarithromycin immediate release film coated tablets. cellulose. 2012;4(5):352-7.
Farooqui NA, Smith AA, Sharma HK, Manavalan R. formulation and evaluation of Secnidazole Film coated tablets. Journal of Pharmaceutical science and Technology. 2011;3(2):555-8.
Salpe HG, Devhare LD, Ghugare AP, Singh N. Formulation and evaluation of hpmc coated diltiazem hcl tablet and its comparison with other marketed preparation. Research chronicle in health sciences. 2016;3(1):11-7.
Patil A, Payghan SA, Disouza JI. Formulation and evaluation of enteric coated tablets of azithromycin dehydrate. Int J Chem Tech Res. 2011;3(3):1479-84.
Zaid AN, Qaddomi A. Development and stability evaluation of enteric coated Diclofenac sodium tablets using Sureteric. Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences. 2012 Jan 1;25(1).
Omari DM. Formulation and in vitro/in vivo evaluation of esomeprazole enteric coated minitablets. Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology. 2017 Jun 1;39:156-65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jddst.2017.03.025
Mauro M, Palmieri GC, Palazzini E, Barbanti M, Calanni Rindina F, Milani MR. Pharmacodynamic effects of single and repeated doses of oral sulodexide in healthy volunteers. A placebo-controlled study with an enteric-coated formulation. Current medical research and opinion. 1993 Jan 1;13(2):87-95. https://doi.org/10.1185/03007999309111537
Patel TD, Patel DM, Patel CN, Parikh BN, Gothi GD. Formulation and development of enteric coated pH dependent compression coated tablets of mesalamine. J Global Pharm Tech. 2010;2(6):118-24.
Rasmussen S. Correlation between in vitro and in vivo disintegration times of enteric-coated tablets. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 1968 Aug 1;57(8):1360-3. https://doi.org/10.1002/jps.2600570818
Shelukar S, Ho J, Zega J, Roland E, Yeh N, Quiram D, Nole A, Katdare A, Reynolds S. Identification and characterization of factors controlling tablet coating uniformity in a Wurster coating process. Powder Technology. 2000 May 1;110(1-2):29-36. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0032-5910(99)00265-X
Patil PB, More VN, Tour NS. Recent trends in orodispersible tablets-An overview of formulation technology and future
prospects. International Journal of Pharma Sciences and Research. 2015;6(7):1056-66. https://doi.org/10.7897/2230-8407.06797
Pal R, Pandey P, Nogai L. The Advanced Approach in The Development of Targeted Drug Delivery (TDD) With Their Bio- Medical Applications: A Descriptive Review. International Neurourology Journal. 2023 Oct 7;27(4):40-58.
Malaak FA, Zeid KA, Fouad SA, El-Nabarawi MA. Orodispersible Tablets: Novel Strategies and future challenges in Drug Delivery. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2019;12(11):5575-82. https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-
X.2019.00966.1
Meshram SI, Hatwar PR, Bakal RL, Raut PV. Artificial Intelligence- Assisted Fabrication of 3D Printed Technology in Pharmaceutical Development and Its Application. Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics. 2024;14(8):214-222 https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i8.6735
Tran M, Wang C. Semi-solid materials for controlled release drug formulation: Current status and future prospects. Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering. 2014 Jun;8:225-32. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11705-014-1429-7
Tiwari R, Kolli M, Chauhan S, Yallapu MM. Tabletized Nanomedicine: From the Current Scenario to Developing Future Medicine. ACS nano. 2024 Apr 17;18(18):11503-24. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.4c00014
Published
Abstract Display: 196 
PDF Downloads: 124 PDF Downloads: 25 How to Cite
Issue
Section
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0). that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
How to Cite
.