Formulation and evaluation of Transdermal Patch for the treatment of Migraine
Abstract
A migraine is a specific kind of headache disorder that primarily affects the head. It can range in severity from mild to severe and is often accompanied by other symptoms like vomiting, nausea, illness, dizziness that gets worse with movement, photophobia, sonophobia, severe disability, or other types of nature. Triptans that are administered intravenously can be used to treat migraines and irritated injection sites. Transdermal delivery means that the medications will be administered through the skin in a precise, regulated manner. Our study aims to identify all possible transdermal patch combination and application for the treatment of migraines. The drug rizatriptan belongs to a group of drugs known as selective serotonin receptor agonists. It functions by constricting blood vessels in the brain, preventing the transmission of pain signals to the brain, and preventing the production of several naturally occurring compounds that produce pain, nausea, and other migraine symptoms. Verapamil belongs to the group of drugs known as calcium-channel blockers. It works by relaxing the blood vessels in order to reduce the workload of the heart. The Lambda max Rizatriptan and Verapamil is 278.9nm and 228nm respectively. They are soluble in most of the solvents. When used with verapamil, rizatriptan's transdermal patch improves patient compliance in those with hypertension. P2 patch shows the optimized results.
Keywords: Migraine, Rizatriptan, Verapamil, Bioavailability, Transdermal patch.
Keywords:
Migraine, Rizatriptan, Verapamil, Bioavailability, Transdermal patchDOI
https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v13i5.6072References
Pastore MN, Kalia YN, Horstmann M, Roberts MS, Transdermal patches: history, development and pharmacology, British Journal of Pharmacology, 2015; 172(9):2179 -2209. https://doi.org/10.1111/bph.13059
Dhiman S. et al, Transdermal Patches: A Recent Approach To New Drug Delivery System, International Journal Of Pharmacy And Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2011;3.
Othman A. Al Hanbali et al, Transdermal patches: Design and current approaches to painless drug delivery, Acta Pharmaceutica, 2019; 69(2). https://doi.org/10.2478/acph-2019-0016
Cilurzo F et al, Adhesive properties: a critical issue in transdermal patch development, Export opinion on drug delivery, 2011; 9:33-45. https://doi.org/10.1517/17425247.2012.637107
Lew C, Punnapuzha S, Migraine Medications, National Library of Medicine, 2022.
Rapoport AM, Freitag F & Pearlman SH, Innovative Delivery Systems for Migraine, Springer link, 2012.
Haider MA, Hanif M, Jamat Ali M, Ahmed MU, Sundas, Karim AH, Rimegepant in the Treatment of Migraine, Fortune journals, 2020.
Mali AD, Bathe R and Patil M, International Journal of Advances in Scientific Research, 2015.
Dubey Rupal et al, Transdermal patches: an emerging mode of drug delivery system in pulmonary arterial hypertension, Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics, 2021:176-186. https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v11i4-S.4925
Patel RP et al, Formulation and Evaluation of Transdermal Patch of Aceclofenac, International Journal of Drug Delivery, 2009:41-51. https://doi.org/10.5138/ijdd.2009.0975.0215.01005
Tanwar YS et al, Development and evaluation of carvedilol transdermal patches, Acta Pharm, 2007:151-159. https://doi.org/10.2478/v10007-007-0012-x
Gannu et al, Development of Nitrendipine Transdermal Patches: In vitro and Ex vivo Characterization, Current Drug Delivery, 2007; 4(1):69-76. https://doi.org/10.2174/156720107779314767
Mutalik S. et al, Glibenclamide transdermal patches: Physicochemical, pharmacodynamic, and pharmacokinetic evaluations, Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2004; 93(6):1577-1594. https://doi.org/10.1002/jps.20058
Nair SS, Chitosan-based transdermal drug delivery systems to overcome skin barrier functions, Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics. 2019; 9(1):266-270 https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v9i1.2180
Singh A et al, Formulation and characterization of transdermal patches for controlled delivery of duloxetine hydrochloride, Springer Open Journal of Analytical Science and technology, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40543-016-0105-6
Sadab S, Sahu S, Patel S, Khan R, Khare B, Thakur BS, Jain A, Jain PK,, A Comprehensive Review: Transdermal Drug Delivery System: A Tool For Novel Drug Delivery System, Asian Journal of Dental and Health Sciences. 2022; 2(4):40-47 https://doi.org/10.22270/ajdhs.v2i4.24
Shivalingam MR et al, Formulation And Evaluation of Transdermal Patches Of Pantoprazole Sodium, International Journal Of Applied Pharmaceutics, 2021; 13(5). https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2021v13i5.42175
Prajapati ST et al, Formulation and Evaluation of Transdermal Patch of Repaglinide, International Scholarly Research Network ISRN Pharmaceutics, 2011:9. https://doi.org/10.5402/2011/651909
Cherukuri S et al, Formulation and evaluation of transdermal drug delivery of topiramate, International Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation, 2017.
Verma G , Transdermal Drug Delivery System, Advance Development And Evaluation-A Review, IJPSR, 2017; 8(2):385-400.
Zhan X et al, Formulation and evaluation of transdermal drug-delivery system of isosorbide dinitrate, BJPS, 2015; 51. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-82502015000200015
Long Mo, Formulation and development of novel control release transdermal patches of carvedilol to improve bioavailability for the treatment of heart failure, Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 2021:266-272. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.08.088
Chandra S et al, Formulation and Evaluation of Diclofenac Sodium Transdermal Patches, World journal of pharmaceutical research, January 2018; 7(02):1005-1020.
Prasad KC et al, Formulation and characterization of Transdermal patches for controlled delivery of cyproheptadine, RJTCS, 2022; 13:71-75. https://doi.org/10.52711/2321-5844.2022.00012
Jajala Mamatha et al, Journal of Young Pharmacists, Formulation and Evaluation of Zidovudine Transdermal Patch using Permeation Enhancers, 2020; 12(2):45-50. https://doi.org/10.5530/jyp.2020.12s.45
Mahajan NM et al, Formulation development and evaluation of transdermal patch of piroxicam for treating dysmenorrhoea, Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 2018; 8(11):035-041. https://doi.org/10.7324/JAPS.2018.81105
Published
Abstract Display: 1118
PDF Downloads: 1260
PDF Downloads: 373 How to Cite
Issue
Section
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0). that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).

.