Comparisons between Hydro and Steam Distillation Processes to Extract Prunella Vulgaris Volatile Compounds, and their Anti-oxidative Activities
Abstract
Objective The aim is to verify our earlier suggestion which accounted for the dynamics of volatile compounds extraction from the herb Prunella vulgaris (PV) using steam distillation. Then, the anti-oxidative property of PV is explored.
Methods Because we suggested earlier that the inefficient extraction using steam distillation was due to the obstruction of a mass of herb in the steam flow path, we used hydro distillation which tried to eliminate this obstacle. We used GC-MS to characterize the volatile compounds extracted, and thus compare the extraction efficiency. Then, treating the cancer cells from the SCC154 cell-line with the distillate, the cancer cell cytotoxicity was assessed using the colorimetric test reagent, the Cell Counting Kit-8. To assess the anti-oxidative activity of the PV distillate, Folin-Ciocalteu reagent was used.
Results We successfully showed that the removal of the obstacle, formed by the mass of herb in the steam flow path, enhanced the efficiency of volatile compound extraction. Also, we showed that the PV distillate did not exhibit anti-oxidative activity.
Conclusions Hydro distillation is a more efficient method than steam distillation to extract volatile compounds from the PV herb. However, mild heating did not provide sufficient energy to the convection of the boiling water to move the floating herb; the obstacle still existed and limited the efficiency of extraction also. For another issue of the antioxidant effect of the volatile compounds from PV, it was studied using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. It showed that the PV volatile compounds did not possess antioxidant property.
Keywords: Prunella vulgaris, Xia Ku Cao, Chinese Medicine, steam distillation, hydro distillation, anti-oxidative effect
Keywords:
Prunella vulgaris, Xia Ku Cao, Chinese Medicine, steam distillation, hydro distillation, antioxidative effectDOI
https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v13i3.5955References
Markova, H., Sousek, J., & Ulrichova, J. “Prunella vulgaris L. - a rediscovered medical plant.” Ces a Slov Farm. 1997; 46:58-63
Chen, Y., Zhu, Z., Guo, Q., Zhang, L., & Zhang, X. “Variation in concentrations of major bioactive compounds in Prunella vulgaris L. related to plant parts and phenological stages.” Biol Res, 2012; 45(2):171-175. https://doi.org/10.4067/s0716-97602012000200009
Tabba, H. D., Chang, R. S., & Smith, K. M. “Isolation, purification, and partial characterization of prunellin, an anti-HIV component from aqueous extracts of Prunella vulgaris.” Antiviral Res, 1989; 11(5-6):263-273. https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-3542(89)90036-3
Mak, W. C. K. “Review of the Studies on the Anti-tumoral Effect of Prunella vulgaris.” Journal of Biosciences and Medicines, 2021; 9:12. https://doi.org/10.4236/jbm.2021.912011
Mak, W. C. K., & Walsh, S. “The Characterization of Steam Distillation as an Extraction Method to Extract Volatile Compounds from Prunella Vulgaris and the Investigation of their Anti-tumorous Effect.” Journal of Biosciences and Medicines, 2021; 9:8. https://doi.org/10.4236/jbm.2021.98011
Mak, W. C. K. “Time Depletion Effects on the Volatile Compounds from the Distillation Extracts of Prunella vulgaris and the Dynamics of their Extraction.” Current Drug Research Reviews, 2022; 14(2):148-156. https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2589977514666220429104009
Golembiovska, O., Tsurkan, A., & Vynogradov, B. “Components of Prunella vugaris L. Grown in Ukraine.” Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 2014; 2(6):140-146.
Morteza-Semnani, Morteza-Semnani, K., Saeedi, M., & Akbarzadeh, M. “The Essential Oil Composition of Prunella vulgaris” L. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 2006; 9(3):257-260. https://doi.org/10.1080/0972060X.2006.10643500
Yang, Y., Nan, H., Wang, G., Yang, W., & Xu, J. “Comparative Determination of the Volatile Components of Prunella vulgaris L. from Different Geographical origins by Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry.” Analytical Letters, 2013; 46:2001-2016. https://doi.org/10.1080/00032719.2013.782551
Prior, R. L., Wu, X., & Schaich, K. “Standardized methods for the determination of antioxidant capacity and phenolics in foods and dietary supplements.” J. Agric. Food Chem., 2005; 53:4290-4302. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0502698
Ainsworth, E. A., & Gillespie, K. M. “Estimation of total phenolic content and other oxidation substrates in plant tissues using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent.” Nature Protocols, 2007; 2(4):875-877. https://doi.org/10.1038/nprot.2007.102
Ahn, E. Y., Lee, Y. J., Park, J., Chun, P., & Park, Y. “Antioxidant Potential of Artemisia capillaris, Portulaca oleracea, and Prunella vulgaris Extracts for Biofabrication of Gold Nanoparticles and Cytotoxicity Assessment.” Nanoscale Res Lett, 2018;13(1):348. https://doi.org/10.1186/s11671-018-2751-7
Aloglu, A. K., Harrington, P. B., Sahin, S., & Demir, C. “Prediction of total antioxidant activity of Prunella L. species by automatic partial least square regression applied to 2-way liquid chromatographic UV spectral images.” Talanta, 2016; 161:503-510. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2016.09.014
Chen, Y., Zhang, X., Guo, Q., Liu, L., Li, C., Cao, L., Qin, Q., Zhao, M., & Wang, W. “Effects of UV-B Radiation on the Content of Bioactive Components and the Antioxidant Activity of Prunella vulgaris L. Spica during Development.” Molecules, 2018; 23:5. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23050989
Feng, L., Jia, X., Zhu, M. M., Chen, Y., & Shi, F. “Antioxidant activities of total phenols of prunella vulgaris L. in vitro and in tumor-bearing mice” Molecules, 2010; 15(12):9145-9156. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules15129145
Kose, M. D., Tekin, B. N., & Bayraktar, O. “Simultaneous isolation and selective encapsulation of volatile compounds from essential oil during electrospraying of beta-Cyclodextrin.” Carbohydrate Polymers, 2021; 258: 117673. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117673
Mamusa, M., Resta, C., C., S., & Baglioni, P. “Encapsulation of volatiile compounds in liquid media: Fragrances, flavors, and essential oils in commercial formulations.” Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, 2021; 298:102544. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cis.2021.102544
NOLKEMPER, S, REICHLING, J, STINTZING, FC et al. “Antiviral effect of aqueous extracts from species of the Lamiaceae family against Herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 in vitro.” Planta Medica, 2006; 72:1378-1382.
REICHLING, J, SCHNITZLER, P. “Phyto-antiviral agents for the topic treatment of recurrent herpes labialis episodes” [German]. Zeitschrift fur Phytotherapie, 2011; 32:260-265. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0031-1286036
Diaz, P., Jeong, S. C., Lee, S., Khoo, C., & Koyyalamudi, S. R. “Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of selected medicinal plants and fungi containing phenolic and flavonoid compounds “. Chinese Medicine (United Kingdom), 2012; 7. https://doi.org/10.1186/1749-8546-7-26
Published
Abstract Display: 669 
PDF Downloads: 651 PDF Downloads: 53 How to Cite
Issue
Section
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0). that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
How to Cite
.