Phytochemical, toxicity and antihyperglycaemic effects of Zea mays Linn leaves’ extracts

Authors

  • Lucrèce Mahoutin KOTIN Physiology of Effort Research Unit, National Institute of Youth, Physical and Sport Education, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 Po. Box 169 Porto-Novo, Republic of Benin.
  • Fidèle Mahoudo ASSOGBA Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Essential Oils, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 Po. Box 918 Cotonou, Republic of Benin.
  • Huguette Baï AKAKPO Physiology of Effort Research Unit, National Institute of Youth, Physical and Sport Education, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 Po. Box 169 Porto-Novo, Republic of Benin.
  • Judith Fifamin AHOUNOU AIKPE Physiology of Effort Research Unit, National Institute of Youth, Physical and Sport Education, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 Po. Box 169 Porto-Novo, Republic of Benin.
  • Jean-Benoît GODONOU Physiology of Effort Research Unit, National Institute of Youth, Physical and Sport Education, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 Po. Box 169 Porto-Novo, Republic of Benin
  • Pierre Houndjovi DANSOU Physiology of Effort Research Unit, National Institute of Youth, Physical and Sport Education, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 Po. Box 169 Porto-Novo, Republic of Benin
  • Joachim Djimon GBENOU Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Essential Oils, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 Po. Box 918 Cotonou, Republic of Benin.

Abstract

In the Republic of Benin, several plants, including Zea mays Linn (Z. mays) are used for the treatment of diabetes without any scientific studies showing their effectiveness. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of Z. mays leaves’ extracts on hyperglycaemic rabbits using the Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT), 2 g/kg of (D) + glucose and on hepatic glucose liberation. Phytochemical screening revealed that the plant leaves contain alkaloids, tannins, mucilage flavonoids, anthocyanin, leuco-anthocyanin, coumarins, heteroside, flavonoid, triterpenoids, steroids, reducing compounds, saponins, oses and holosides.  Cytotoxity tests showed that the aqueous and ethanolic extracts were free of toxicity. The extracts have shown anti-hyperglycaemic activities dependent on specific dosage and timing. The effective dose is 500 mg/kg for the aqueous extract and for the ethanolic extract. The extracts are effective as compared with glibenclamide (reference product). Moreover, the ex vivo test conducted on the liver revealed that Z. mays aqueous extract inhibits the hepatic glucose liberation and 500 mg/kg is the most effective dose.

The results of this study justify the traditional usage of the plant leaves under consideration in the treatment of diabetes.

Key words: Zea mays extracts, phytochemical, hyperglycaemia, hepatic glucose, toxicity, Benin.

Keywords:

Zea mays extracts, phytochemical, hyperglycaemia, hepatic glucose, toxicity, Benin

DOI

https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v12i2-S.5273

Author Biographies

Lucrèce Mahoutin KOTIN, Physiology of Effort Research Unit, National Institute of Youth, Physical and Sport Education, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 Po. Box 169 Porto-Novo, Republic of Benin.

Physiology of Effort Research Unit, National Institute of Youth, Physical and Sport Education, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 Po. Box 169 Porto-Novo, Republic of Benin.

Fidèle Mahoudo ASSOGBA, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Essential Oils, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 Po. Box 918 Cotonou, Republic of Benin.

Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Essential Oils, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 Po. Box 918 Cotonou, Republic of Benin.

Huguette Baï AKAKPO, Physiology of Effort Research Unit, National Institute of Youth, Physical and Sport Education, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 Po. Box 169 Porto-Novo, Republic of Benin.

Physiology of Effort Research Unit, National Institute of Youth, Physical and Sport Education, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 Po. Box 169 Porto-Novo, Republic of Benin.

Judith Fifamin AHOUNOU AIKPE, Physiology of Effort Research Unit, National Institute of Youth, Physical and Sport Education, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 Po. Box 169 Porto-Novo, Republic of Benin.

Physiology of Effort Research Unit, National Institute of Youth, Physical and Sport Education, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 Po. Box 169 Porto-Novo, Republic of Benin.

Jean-Benoît GODONOU, Physiology of Effort Research Unit, National Institute of Youth, Physical and Sport Education, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 Po. Box 169 Porto-Novo, Republic of Benin

Physiology of Effort Research Unit, National Institute of Youth, Physical and Sport Education, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 Po. Box 169 Porto-Novo, Republic of Benin

Pierre Houndjovi DANSOU, Physiology of Effort Research Unit, National Institute of Youth, Physical and Sport Education, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 Po. Box 169 Porto-Novo, Republic of Benin

Physiology of Effort Research Unit, National Institute of Youth, Physical and Sport Education, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 Po. Box 169 Porto-Novo, Republic of Benin

Joachim Djimon GBENOU, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Essential Oils, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 Po. Box 918 Cotonou, Republic of Benin.

Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Essential Oils, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 Po. Box 918 Cotonou, Republic of Benin.

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Published

2022-04-15
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How to Cite

1.
KOTIN LM, ASSOGBA FM, AKAKPO HB, AHOUNOU AIKPE JF, GODONOU J-B, DANSOU PH, et al. Phytochemical, toxicity and antihyperglycaemic effects of Zea mays Linn leaves’ extracts. J. Drug Delivery Ther. [Internet]. 2022 Apr. 15 [cited 2026 Jan. 21];12(2-S):86-92. Available from: https://jddtonline.info/index.php/jddt/article/view/5273

Issue

Vol. 12 No. 2-S (2022): Volume 12, Issue 2-S, March-April 2022

Section

Research

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How to Cite

1.
KOTIN LM, ASSOGBA FM, AKAKPO HB, AHOUNOU AIKPE JF, GODONOU J-B, DANSOU PH, et al. Phytochemical, toxicity and antihyperglycaemic effects of Zea mays Linn leaves’ extracts. J. Drug Delivery Ther. [Internet]. 2022 Apr. 15 [cited 2026 Jan. 21];12(2-S):86-92. Available from: https://jddtonline.info/index.php/jddt/article/view/5273
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