Preliminary phytochemical analysis, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of Smilax zeylanica L. (Smilacaceae)

  • VS Dhanya Shree Department of Microbiology, S.R.N.M.N College of Applied Sciences, N.E.S campus, Balraj Urs Road, Shivamogga-577201, Karnataka, India
  • Ayesha Arbin Department of Microbiology, S.R.N.M.N College of Applied Sciences, N.E.S campus, Balraj Urs Road, Shivamogga-577201, Karnataka, India
  • GK Saema Noorain Department of Microbiology, S.R.N.M.N College of Applied Sciences, N.E.S campus, Balraj Urs Road, Shivamogga-577201, Karnataka, India
  • BK Sahana Department of Microbiology, S.R.N.M.N College of Applied Sciences, N.E.S campus, Balraj Urs Road, Shivamogga-577201, Karnataka, India
  • TR Prashith Kekuda Department of Microbiology, S.R.N.M.N College of Applied Sciences, N.E.S campus, Balraj Urs Road, Shivamogga-577201, Karnataka, India

Abstract

Objectives: Smilax zeylanica L. is a large, dioecious, scandent climbing shrub and an important medicinal plant belonging to the family Smilacaceae. The present study evaluates antimicrobial and antioxidant potential of leaf and fruit extracts of Smilax zeylanica L. (Smilacaceae).

Methods: Extraction of powdered leaf and fruit materials was carried out by maceration process using methanol. Phytochemical analysis of extracts was carried out by standard tests. Antibacterial and antifungal activity was evaluated by Agar well diffusion and Poisoned food technique respectively. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH free radical scavenging assay and Ferric reducing assay.

Results: Preliminary phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, triterpenoids and sterols in both leaf and fruit extracts. Leaf extract was shown to display marked antibacterial activity than fruit extract. Highest and least susceptibility to extracts was observed in case of Bacillus cereus and Salmonella typhimurium respectively. Leaf extract caused highest inhibition of test fungi than fruit extract. Susceptibility to extracts was greater in case of Bipolaris species than Aspergillus niger. Both leaf and fruit extracts scavenged DPPH radicals and exhibited ferric reducing potential in a dose dependent fashion. Leaf extract scavenged DPPH radicals more efficiently with IC50 value 20.80µg/ml than fruit extract (IC50 value 35.85µg/ml).

Conclusion: Leaf and fruit extracts of S. zeylanica were shown to exhibit antimicrobial and antioxidant activity which may be attributed to the presence of secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, triterpenoids and sterols. Further studies on isolation of active principles from extracts and their bioactivity determinations are to be carried out.

Keywords: Smilax zeylanica L., Maceration, Agar well diffusion, Poisoned food technique, DPPH, Ferric reducing

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

VS Dhanya Shree, Department of Microbiology, S.R.N.M.N College of Applied Sciences, N.E.S campus, Balraj Urs Road, Shivamogga-577201, Karnataka, India

Department of Microbiology, S.R.N.M.N College of Applied Sciences, N.E.S campus, Balraj Urs Road, Shivamogga-577201, Karnataka, India

Ayesha Arbin, Department of Microbiology, S.R.N.M.N College of Applied Sciences, N.E.S campus, Balraj Urs Road, Shivamogga-577201, Karnataka, India

Department of Microbiology, S.R.N.M.N College of Applied Sciences, N.E.S campus, Balraj Urs Road, Shivamogga-577201, Karnataka, India

GK Saema Noorain, Department of Microbiology, S.R.N.M.N College of Applied Sciences, N.E.S campus, Balraj Urs Road, Shivamogga-577201, Karnataka, India

Department of Microbiology, S.R.N.M.N College of Applied Sciences, N.E.S campus, Balraj Urs Road, Shivamogga-577201, Karnataka, India

BK Sahana, Department of Microbiology, S.R.N.M.N College of Applied Sciences, N.E.S campus, Balraj Urs Road, Shivamogga-577201, Karnataka, India

Department of Microbiology, S.R.N.M.N College of Applied Sciences, N.E.S campus, Balraj Urs Road, Shivamogga-577201, Karnataka, India

TR Prashith Kekuda, Department of Microbiology, S.R.N.M.N College of Applied Sciences, N.E.S campus, Balraj Urs Road, Shivamogga-577201, Karnataka, India

Department of Microbiology, S.R.N.M.N College of Applied Sciences, N.E.S campus, Balraj Urs Road, Shivamogga-577201, Karnataka, India

References

1. Vedavathy S, Scope and importance of traditional medicine, Indian J Tradit Know, 2003; 2(3):236-239.
2. Gurib-Fakim A, Medicinal plants: Traditions of yesterday and drugs of tomorrow, Mol Aspects Med, 2006; 27(1):1-93.
3. Ballabh B, Chaurasia OP, Ahmed Z, Singh SB, Traditional medicinal plants of cold desert Ladakh-used against kidney and urinary disorders, J Ethnopharmacol, 2008; 118(2):331-339.
4. Srithi K, Trisonthi C, Wangpakapattanawong P, Balslev H, Medicinal plants used in Hmong women's healthcare in northern Thailand, J Ethnopharmacol, 2012; 139:119-135.
5. Mesfin K, Tekle G, Tesfay T, Ethnobotanical study of traditional medicinal plants used by indigenous people of Gemad district, Northern Ethiopia, Journal of Medicinal Plants Studies, 2013; 1(4):32-37.
6. Vandebroek I, Intercultural health and ethnobotany: How to improve healthcare for underserved and minority communities? J Ethnopharmacol, 2013; 148:746-754.
7. Jaiswal Y, Liang Z, Zhao Z, Botanical drugs in Ayurveda and Traditional Chinese Medicine, J Ethnopharmacol, 2016; 194:245-259.
8. Shetty BV, Kaveriappa KM, Bhat GK, Plant resources of Western Ghats and lowlands of Dakshina Kannada and Udupi districts, Pilikula Nisarga Dhama Society, Mangalore, India, 2002, Pp 58, 211.
9. Khare CP, Indian medicinal plants: An illustrated dictionary, Springer-Verlag Berlin/Heidelberg, 2007, Pp 609.
10. Madhavan V, Hemalatha HT, Gurudeva MR, Yoganarasimhan SN, Pharmacognostical studies on the rhizome and root of Smilax zeylanica Linn. – A potential alternate source for the Ayurvedic drug Chopachinee, Indian J Nat Prod Resour, 2010; 1(3):328-337.
11. Gritto MJ, Aslam A, Nandagopalan V, Ethnomedicinal survey of threatened plants in Pachamalai hills, Tiruchirapalli district, Tamil Nadu, India, Int J Res Ayurveda Pharm, 2012; 3(6):844-846.
12. Luitel DR, Rokaya MB, Timsina B, Munzbergova Z, Medicinal plants used by the Tamang community in the Makawanpur district of central Nepal, J Ethnobiol Ethnomed, 2014; 10:5.
13. Murali A, Ashok P, Madhavan V, In vitro antioxidant activity and HPTLC studies on the roots and rhizomes of Smilax zeylanica L. (Smilacaceae), Int J Pharm Pharm Sci, 2011; 3(1):192-195.
14. Rajesh V, Perumal P, In-vitro cytoprotective activity of Smilax zeylanica leaves against hydrogen peroxide induced oxidative stress in L-132 and BRL 3A cells, Orient Pharm Exp Med, 2014; 14(3):255–268.
15. Hossain AM, Saha S, Asadujjaman M, Kahan AS, Analgesic, antioxidant and antibacterial activity of Smilax zeylanica Linn. (family-Smilacaceae), Pharmacologyonline, 2013; 1:244-250.
16. Uddin MN, Ahmed T, Pathan S, Al-Amin MM, Rana MS, Antioxidant and cytotoxic activity of stems of Smilax zeylanica in vitro, J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol, 2015; 26(5):453-463.
17. Babu VP, Ashwini T, Krishna VM, Raju GM, Immunomodulatory and antiarthritic activities of Smilax zeylanica, Int J Phytomed, 2017; 8:123-131.
18. Jena PK, Nayak BS, Dinda SC, Ellaiah P, Investigation on phytochemicals, anthelmintic and analgesic activities of Smilax zeylanica Linn. leafy extracts, Asian J Chem, 2011; 23(10):4307-4310.
19. Jena PK, Dinda SC, Ellaiah P, Phytochemical investigation and simultaneous study on antipyretic, anticonvulsant activity of different leafy extracts of Smilax zeylanica Linn, Orient Pharm Exp Med, 2012; 12:123-127.
20. Jena PK, Dinda SC, Ellaiah P, Antidiabetic activity of various leafy extracts of Smilax zeylanica Linn in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats, Asian J Chem, 2012; 24(10):4825-4826.
21. Rajesh V, Perumal P, Cytoprotective effect of Smilax zeylanica Linn. leaves against Benzo[a]pyrene induced lung cancer with reference to lipid peroxidation and antioxidant system in Swiss albino mice, Orient Pharm Exp Med, 2013; 13:267–277.
22. Murali A, Ashok P, Madhavan V, Study of hepatoprotective activity of methanol extract of Smilax zeylanica L. leaf against carbontetrachloride induced hepatic damage in rats, MSRUAS-SASTech Journal, 2014; 13(2):25-28.
23. Nithyamala I, Ayyasamy S, Pitchiahkumar M, Kumar A, Velapandian V, Evaluation of analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of Siddha drug Karuvilanchi ver choornam (root powder of Smilax zeylanica Linn) in rodents, IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences, 2013; 6(1):6-11.
24. Madhavan V, Hemalatha HT, Murali A, Yoganarasimhan SN, Antiepileptic activity of alcohol and aqueous extracts of roots and rhizomes of Smilax zeylanica Linn, Pharmacologyonline, 2008; 3:263-272.
25. Bari MA, Islam W, Khan AR, Pesticidal activity of Smilax zeylanica L. extracts on Cryptolestes pusillus (Schon.) (Coleoptera: Cucujidae), Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, 2010; 34(2):205-208.
26. Hossen MSM, Khan IN, Sarkar MMI, Jahid MA, Assessment of thrombolytic activity of five Bangladeshi medicinal plants: Potential source for thrombolytic compounds, International Blood Research and Reviews, 2014; 2(6):262-269.
27. Ahemad RS, Venkataraman S, Ahmad F, Ibrahim M, Antidepressant-like activity of Smilax zeylanica Linn in behavioral despair tests in mice, European Journal of Pharmaceutical and Medical Research, 2016, 3(12), 335-341.
28. Kekuda PTR, Raghavendra HL, Shilpa M, Pushpavathi D, Petkar T, Siddiqha A, Antimicrobial, antiradical and insecticidal activity of Gardenia gummifera L.f. (Rubiaceae), Int J Pharm Pharm Sci, 2017; 9(10):265-272.
29. Tiwari P, Kumar B, Kaur M, Kaur G, Kaur H, Phytochemical screening and extraction: A review, Internationale Pharmaceutica Sciencia, 2011; 1(1):98-106.
30. Ajayi IA, Ajibade O, Oderinde RA, Preliminary phytochemical analysis of some plant seeds, Res J Chem Sci, 2011; 1(3):58-62.
31. Santhi K, Sengottuvel R, Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis of Moringa concanensis Nimmo, Int J Curr Microbiol App Sci, 2016; 5(1):633-640.
32. Raghavendra HL, Kekuda PTR, Akarsh S, Ranjitha MC, Ashwini HS, Phytochemical analysis, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of different parts of Pleocaulus sessilis (Nees) Bremek (Acanthaceae), Int J Green Pharm, 2017; 11(2):98-107.
33. Sarbadhikary SB, Bhowmik S, Datta BK, Mandal NC, Antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of leaf extracts of two indigenous Angiosperm species of Tripura, Int J Curr Microbiol App Sci, 2015; 4(8):643-655.
34. Saha D, Dasgupta S, Saha A, Antifungal activity of some plant extracts against fungal pathogens of tea (Camellia sinensis), Pharm Biol, 2005; 43(1):87-91.
35. Daffodil ED, Mohan VR, In vitro antioxidative profiling of Smilax zeylanica aerial parts, Int J Pharm Sci Rev Res, 2017; 42(1):85-90.
36. Thirugnanasampandan R, Mutharaiah VN, Bai NV, In vitro propagation and free radical studies of Smilax zeylanica Vent, Afr J Biotechnol, 2009; 8(3):395-400.
Crossmark
Statistics
873 Views | 798 Downloads
How to Cite
1.
Dhanya Shree V, Arbin A, Saema Noorain G, Sahana B, Prashith Kekuda T. Preliminary phytochemical analysis, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of Smilax zeylanica L. (Smilacaceae). JDDT [Internet]. 14Jul.2018 [cited 29Mar.2024];8(4):237-43. Available from: https://jddtonline.info/index.php/jddt/article/view/1779