SYNTHESIS AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF 1,4-DIHYDROPYRIDINE DERIVATIVE

Abstract

A series of substituted 1,4-dihydopyridine derivatives (SC1-SC10) was synthesized via condensation of acetoacetanilide /4-chloro acetoacetanilide and substituted benzaldehyde in methanol with excess amount of ammonia. The synthesized compounds were characterized using FT-IR, NMR and Mass spectroscopic techniques.The anti-bacterial and anti-fungal activity of title compounds was evaluated utilizing paper disc diffusion method. The anti-bacterial activity was determined by using S. aureus and E.coli as the gram-positive and gram negative strains, while Candida albicans was used to evaluate the anti-fungal activity of synthesized compounds. 1,4-dihydropyridine derivative (SC8) with bromo group at para position of phenyl ring attached to dihydropyridine ring and chloro group linked to para position of carbamoyl phenyl ring was found to be the most active anti-bacterial agent, with its activity observed more on gram negative strain (81.76%) as compared to gram positive strain (75.94%). The most active anti-fungal agent was found to be SC1 (86.85%); 1,4-dihydropyridine derivative with hydroxy group at 2^nd position and bromo group at 5^th position of phenyl ring attached to dihydropyridine ring while chloro group linked to para position of carbamoyl phenyl ring. This suggests the requirement of electron withdrawing group at 3^rd and 5^th position of dihydropyridine ring for anti-bacterial and anti-fungal activity.