An investigation of Baccharoides anthelmintica (L.) Moench seed extract for antibacterial and antioxidant activities
Abstract
Use of herbal remedies is on the rise in developed and developing countries. Plant kingdom is a gold mine for novel and affordable antimicrobial and antioxidant compounds. The medicinal properties of plants are due to metabolites especially secondary compounds produced by plant species around the globe. The current study was designed to investigate the seed extract of Baccharoides anthelmintica (L.) Moench for its antibacterial and antioxidant activities. The antibacterial activity of the acetone, aqueous and methanol seed extracts was determined in-vitro against medically important pathogens such as Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Yersinia pestis by agar-well diffusion method using different concentrations (25, 50, 75 and 100%). Results showed low to significant antibacterial activity against the mentioned pathogenic bacterial species. The methanol extract of B. anthelmintica showed maximum zone of inhibition (20.40±0.68 mm) in the growth of L. monocytogenes which was followed by P. aeruginosa (19.10±1.77 mm), S. aureus (18.55±2.20 mm), E. coli (16.00±0.60 mm) and Y. pestis (16.00±0.00 mm) at 100% of its concentration respectively. Methanol seed extract was found to be more effective against selected pathogenic bacterial species as compared to acetone and aqueous seed extracts. Further the seed extract inhibited gram-positive bacteria more efficiently than gram-negative bacteria. The antioxidant capacity of the different seed extracts (methanol, acetone and aqueous) of B. anthelmintica was evaluated by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging assay at different concentrations (20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 µg/mL). The plant showed 14.40±0.05 and 13.20±0.55 % DPPH radical scavenging potential in methanol and acetone extracts respectively at 100 µg/mL and exhibited no radical scavenging potential in case of aqueous extract. Therefore, the seed extracts of this plant can be selected for further investigation to discover or determine their ultimate therapeutic potential.
Keywords: Baccharoides anthelmintica, seed extract, agar well diffusion, zone of inhibition, DPPH
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