Contribution to the ethnobotanical and phytochemical study of Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides (Lam.) Waterman (Rutaceae) from Mali
Abstract
Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides (Lam.) Waterman (Rutaceae) is a tree from 5 to 15 m high that grows spontaneously in West Africa. It is frequently used in Malian traditional medicine for the treatment of various ailments. Thus, the present work is part of the development of this plant through an ethnobotanical survey and a phytochemical study of its leaves, stems and roots collected in Yanfolila and Ouélessébougou. The ethnobotanical survey showed that this species is used in the treatment of various pathologies such as tooth decay, toothache, throat, stomach and headaches, sickle cell anemia, sterility, cardiovascular diseases, edema, childbirth pains, and other diseases, sexual impotence, malaria, bilharzia, diabetes, hemorrhoids, dermatosis, constipation, fever, eye infections, dysentery. In most cases the preparation is done by decoction. The phytochemical screening showed the presence of coumarins, sterols and terpenes in the three investigated organs from the two sites. The alkaloids have been found in the roots and in the stems; the mucilages in all parts except in the roots of Yanfolila. The tannins are present everywhere except in the roots and in the stems of Yanfolila; flavonoids are present everywhere except in the stems of Yanfolila. The richness of the powder of these different organs in mineral elements such as calcium, iron, magnesium, sodium, potassium and copper was also highlighted.
Keywords: Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides, ethnobotanical survey, phytochemistry, mineral elements
Downloads
References
2. Badiaga M, Etude ethnobotanique, phytochimique et activités biologiques de Nauclea latifolia Smith, une plante médicinale africaine récoltée au Mali, Thèse de Doctorat Université de Bamako, 2011; 184p.
3. Bossokpi IPL, Etude des activités biologiques de Fagara zanthoxyloïdes Lam (Rutaceae), Thèse de Doctorat, Université de Bamako, Mali, 2003 ; 128p.
4. Tangara O, Composition chimique, variabilité, activités anticancéreuse et antibactérienne de l'huile essentielle de Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloïdes, Thèse de Doctorat, Université des Sciences, des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako, Mali, 2014 ; 124p.
5. Ba D, La chronique du mardi au jardin botanique : Le Fagara Xanthoxyloïdes, http://www.seyilaabe-htkm.blogspot.com/search/label/Fagara%20xanthoxyloïdes (13 avril 2018).
6. Kerharo J, et Adam JG, La pharmacopée Sénégalaise traditionnelle : plantes médicinales et toxiques, Edition Vigot et frères, Paris, 1974; vol1, 1012pp.
7. Matu EN, Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloïdes (Lam.) Zepern. & Timler. In: Schmelzer, G.H. & Gurib-Fakim, A. (Editeurs), PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa/ Ressources végétales de l'Afrique tropicale). Wageningen, Pays Bas, 2011.
8. Odebiyi OO, Sofowora EA, Antimicrobial alkaloids from Nigerian chewing stick (Fagara zanthoxyloides), Planta Medica, 1979; 36:204-207. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0028-1097271
9. Chaaib FK, Investigation phytochimique d'une brosse à dents africaine Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloïdes (Lam.) Zepernick et Timler (Syn. Fagara zanthoxyloïdes L.) (Rutaceae), Thèse de Doctorat. Université de Lausanne, Genève, 2004; 200p.
10. Somboro A A, Patel K, Diallo D, Sidibe L, Chalchat J C, Figueredo G, Ducki S, Troin Y and Chalard P. An ethnobotanical and phytochemical study of the African medicinal plant Guiera senegalensis J. F. Gmel. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research. 2011; 5(9):1639-1651.
11. Bruneton J, Pharmacognosie, Phytochimie, Plantes médicinales, Paris 4ème Edition, Lavoisier 2009; 1268p.
12. Harborne JB, Williams CA, Advances in Flavonoid Reasearch since 1992, Phytochemistry, 2000; 55, 481-504. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00235-1
13. AOAC, Official method of analysis, The Association of official Analytical Chemists, 16th Ed, Washington, 2002.
14. Benoit F, Valentin A, Pelissier Y, Diafouka F, Marion C, Kone-Bamba D, Kone M, Mallie M, Yapo A, Bastide JM, In vitro antimalarial activity of vegetal extracts used in West African traditional medicine, The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 1996; 54(1):67-71. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1996.54.67
15. Azas N, Laurencin N, Delmas F, Di Giorgio C, Gasquet M, Laget, M, Timon-David P, Synergistic in vitro antimalarial activity of plant extracts used as traditional herbal remedies in Mali, Parasitology research, 2002; 88(2):165-171. https://doi.org/10.1007/s004360100454
16. Kaboré ZI, Guissou IP, Souarbie S, Etude pharmaco-chimique de Nauclea latifolia Sm (Rubiaceaae) : Relation "Principes chimiques et Activité antimicrobienne", Pharm. Med. Trad. Afr, 1995; 43-54.
17. Togola I, Dembélé AA, Tounkara F, Diarra N, Konaré MA, Karembé M, Maiga SZ, Dembélé D, Evaluation of in vitro Antioxidant Activities of Ethanol Extracts of Datura innoxia Mill. Leaves and Seeds Harvested in Mali, Annual Research and Review in Biology, 2019; 33(2):1-8. https://doi.org/10.9734/arrb/2019/v33i230115
18. Talbi H, Boumaza A, Karym EM, Talbi J, Hilali A, Evaluation de l'activité antioxydante et la composition physico-chimique des extraits méthanolique et aqueux de la Nigella sativa L., Journal of Materials and Environmental Science, 2015; 6(4):1111-1117.
19. Barbagallo M, Veronese N, and Dominguez LJ, Magnesium in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Obesity, and Metabolic Syndrome, Nutrients, 2022; 14, 714. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14030714
20. Strazzullo P. and Leclercq C. Sodium. Adv Nutr. 2014; Mar 1; 5(2):188-90. https://doi.org/10.3945/an.113.005215
21. Yamada S, and Inaba M, Potassium Metabolism and Management in Patients with CKD, Nutrients, 2021; 13:1751. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13061751
22. Lydia F, Use of Chrysantellum americanum (L.) Vatke as supplement; European Scientific Journal December 2013; 9(36):1857 - 7881.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0). that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).