Recurrence of Diabetic Foot Ulcer and Associated Risk Factors: A 3-Year Retrospective Study

Authors

  • Maryann Kanayo Oham Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Enugu State University, Enugu, Nigeria
  • Michael Chinweuba Abonyi Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Enugu State University, Enugu, Nigeria https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9825-8469
  • Theophilus Ejiofor Ugwu Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Enugu State University, Enugu, Nigeria
  • Chidiebele Malachy Ezeude Department of Internal Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi, Nigeria
  • Uzoma Chukwunonso Okechukwu Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Enugu State University, Enugu, Nigeria
  • Fintan Chinweike Ekochin Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Enugu State University, Enugu, Nigeria
  • John Aniebo Maluze Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Enugu State University, Enugu, Nigeria
  • Obiageli Ugwuaku Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Enugu State University, Enugu, Nigeria
  • Ifeoma Mercy Ahanonu Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Enugu State University, Enugu, Nigeria
  • Nkemdilim Justina Ugwu Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Enugu State University, Enugu, Nigeria
  • Nnenna Nkemjika Okorie Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Enugu State University, Enugu, Nigeria

Abstract

The burden of diabetes foot ulcer is immense, resulting to prolonged hospital stay and high cost of care. The aim of this study is to identify the predictors of ulcer recurrence which will help mitigate this disabling, pocket-draining, but highly preventable complication of diabetes mellitus (DM).

Methodology: This was a 3-year retrospective study of patients hospitalised for diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) in Enugu State University Teaching Hospital from March 2020 to February 2023. Information on demographics, relevant diabetes history and complications, characteristics of DFU, outcome, DFU recurrence were obtained.

Results: Most of the patients (82.5%) were between 41 and 70 years of age with a mean age is 57.86 ± 12.45. There were marginally more females (52.6%) than male (47.4%). The subjects were predominantly businessmen/traders (43.9%), and 73.7% had DM duration of 1-5 years. Duration of admission was 8 weeks for 31.6% of the patients, 4 weeks for 26.3%, 3 weeks for 21.1% and 12 weeks for 12.3% of the patients. More of the patients were in Wagner grades 3 (43.9%) and 4 (31.6%). The Prevalence of (diabetic peripheral neuropathy) DPN, peripheral artery disease (PAD) and Retinopathy among the patients were 82.5%, 45.6% and 59.6% respectively. Recurrence of DFU occurred in 35% of the subjects. Occupation and wound site positively correlated with reocurrence in this study. The outcome shows that 59.6% of the patients had good healing, 21.1% had ray amputation while 14% had below knee amputation.

Keywords: Diabetic foot ulcer, recurrence, peripheral neuropathy, peripheral artery disease.

Keywords:

Diabetic foot ulcer, recurrence, peripheral neuropathy, peripheral artery disease

DOI

https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i2.6346

Author Biographies

Maryann Kanayo Oham, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Enugu State University, Enugu, Nigeria

Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Enugu State University, Enugu, Nigeria      

Michael Chinweuba Abonyi, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Enugu State University, Enugu, Nigeria

Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Enugu State University, Enugu, Nigeria      

Theophilus Ejiofor Ugwu, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Enugu State University, Enugu, Nigeria

Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Enugu State University, Enugu, Nigeria      

Chidiebele Malachy Ezeude, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi, Nigeria

Department of Internal Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi, Nigeria

Uzoma Chukwunonso Okechukwu, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Enugu State University, Enugu, Nigeria

Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Enugu State University, Enugu, Nigeria      

Fintan Chinweike Ekochin, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Enugu State University, Enugu, Nigeria

Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Enugu State University, Enugu, Nigeria      

John Aniebo Maluze, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Enugu State University, Enugu, Nigeria

Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Enugu State University, Enugu, Nigeria      

Obiageli Ugwuaku, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Enugu State University, Enugu, Nigeria

Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Enugu State University, Enugu, Nigeria      

Ifeoma Mercy Ahanonu, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Enugu State University, Enugu, Nigeria

Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Enugu State University, Enugu, Nigeria      

Nkemdilim Justina Ugwu, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Enugu State University, Enugu, Nigeria

Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Enugu State University, Enugu, Nigeria      

Nnenna Nkemjika Okorie, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Enugu State University, Enugu, Nigeria

Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Enugu State University, Enugu, Nigeria      

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Published

15-02-2024
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How to Cite

1.
Oham MK, Abonyi MC, Ugwu TE, Ezeude CM, Okechukwu UC, Ekochin FC, et al. Recurrence of Diabetic Foot Ulcer and Associated Risk Factors: A 3-Year Retrospective Study. J. Drug Delivery Ther. [Internet]. 2024 Feb. 15 [cited 2025 Feb. 19];14(2):77-84. Available from: https://jddtonline.info/index.php/jddt/article/view/6346

How to Cite

1.
Oham MK, Abonyi MC, Ugwu TE, Ezeude CM, Okechukwu UC, Ekochin FC, et al. Recurrence of Diabetic Foot Ulcer and Associated Risk Factors: A 3-Year Retrospective Study. J. Drug Delivery Ther. [Internet]. 2024 Feb. 15 [cited 2025 Feb. 19];14(2):77-84. Available from: https://jddtonline.info/index.php/jddt/article/view/6346