Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by the buildup of fat in the liver, and it is not caused by excessive alcohol consumption. NAFLD is highly prevalent, affecting approximately 30% of the population in developed countries and around 10% in developing nations. As a result, NAFLD has become the most prevalent liver condition worldwide.
The development of NAFLD is closely linked to insulin resistance, making it common among individuals who have central obesity or diabetes. Insulin resistance and excess body fat contribute to a higher influx of lipids into the liver and an increased production of new fats within the liver, known as de novo hepatic lipogenesis. These processes ultimately lead to the accumulation of triglycerides in the liver, a characteristic feature of NAFLD.
NAFLD is closely associated with components of the metabolic syndrome, and individuals with type 2 diabetes have an increased risk of developing cirrhosis and its related complications. While cardiovascular disease and extra hepatic malignancy are the leading causes of death in people with NAFLD, the presence of advanced liver fibrosis is a significant indicator of liver-related outcomes and overall mortality. Non-invasive tests that combine various methods can be used to assess the extent of liver fibrosis. Patients diagnosed with cirrhosis should undergo screenings for hepatocellular carcinoma (a type of liver cancer) and esophageal varices. Currently, there are no approved therapies for NAFLD; however, there are several drugs in advanced stages of development that show promise for future treatment options.
Keywords: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, Weight management, Bariatric surgery, Metabolic surgery, Conservative therapy.
Keywords:
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, Weight management, Bariatric surgery, Metabolic surgery, Conservative therapyDOI
https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v13i10.6226References
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