An overview on Niosomes: Novel Pharmaceutical drug delivery system
Abstract
Over the years, researchers have attempted to improve the potency of medicament utilization for the treatment of a variety of diseases. Drug targeting is a phenomenon in which a drug is distributed in the body in such a way that it interacts with the target tissue at a cellular or sub-cellular level to achieve a desired therapeutic response at the desired site while avoiding unwanted interactions at other sites. This can be accomplished using modern drug delivery system targeting methods such as niosomes. Niosomes are a novel drug delivery system that encapsulates the medication in a vesicle. The vesicle is made up of a non-ionic surfactant bilayer. The particle size of the niosome must be in the range of 10 nm -100 nm. Niosomes are preferred over liposomes because they are more stable and less expensive. Niosomes enhance the pharmacological action of drug molecules by delaying the drug's clearance from circulation, protecting the drug from the biological environment, and limiting the effects to the target cells. It has applications in cancer treatment, as a carrier in hemoglobin, delivery of peptide drugs via the oral route, treatment of leishmaniasis, ophthalmic delivery, and as a carrier in dermal drug delivery. This review article focuses on the vesicular system's composition, benefits, types of niosomes, methods of preparation, characterization, and application.
Keywords: Niosomes, Composition, Types, Method of preparation, Characterization, Application.
Keywords:
Niosomes, Composition, Types, Method of preparation, Characterization, Application
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References
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3. Shakya V. Niosomes: A Novel Trend in Drug Delivery. International Journal of Research and Development in Pharmacy & Life Sciences. 2014; 3: 1036- 1041.
4. Bagheri A, Chu B, Yaakob H. Niosomal Drug Delivery Systems: Formulation, Preparation, and Applications. World Applied Sciences Journal.2014; 32: 1671-1685.
5. Islam J, Ganesh NS, Uday Kumar KR, Chandy V. Review on niosome as novel drug delivery system.2021; 10(5):715-724.
6. Sharma D, Ali AAE, Aate JR; Niosomes as Novel Drug Delivery System: Review Article; PharmaTutor. 2018; 6(3):58-65. https://doi.org/10.29161/PT.v6.i3.2018.58
7. Mehta A: Niosomes. www.pharmainfo.net, 2009.
8. Handjani-Vila RM, Dispersion of Lamellar Phases of Nonionic Lipids In Cosmetic Products, Int J Cosmetic Sci, 1979; 1(5):303-14. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2494.1979.tb00224.x
9. Keshavshetti GG, Shirsand SB. Recent advances in niosomal drug delivery - a review. Research Journal of Life Sciences, Bioinformatics, Pharmaceutical and Chemical Sciences, 2019; 5(3):514-531.
10. Kalra N, Jeyabalan G. Niosomes: A versatile drug delivery system. Research Journal of Life Sciences, Bioinformatics, Pharmaceutical and Chemical Sciences, 2016; 2(4):44-54.
11. Bhat MI, Ganesh NS, Majeed T and Chandy V. Niosomes a controlled and novel drug delivery system: A brief review.
12. Vadlamudi HC, Sevukarajan M, Niosomal Drug Delivery System-A Review, Indo American Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 2012:2(9)
13. Muzzalupo R, Tavano L, Niosomal Drug Delivery for Transdermal Targeting: Recent Advances, Research and Reports In Transdermal Drug Delivery, 2015:423-33. https://doi.org/10.2147/RRTD.S64773
14. Usman MRM, Ghuge PR and Jain BV. Niosomes: a novel trend of drug delivery. European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2017; 4(7):436-442.
15. Sharma D, Ali AAE, Aate JR. Niosomes as novel drug delivery system: review article. PharmaTutor, 2018; 6(3):58-65. 17. https://doi.org/10.29161/PT.v6.i3.2018.58
16. Sudheer P, Kaushik K. Review on niosomes - a novel approach for drug targeting. Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 2015; 14(1):20-25. https://doi.org/10.18579/jpcrkc/2015/14/1/78376
17. Debnath A, Kumar A, Structural And Functional Significance of Niosome And Proniosome In Drug Delivery System, International Journal of Pharmacy And Engineering, 2015; 3(3):621-637.
18. Kemps J and Crommelin DA. Hydrolyse van fosfolipiden in watering milieu. Pharm Weekbl, 1998; 123: 355-363.
19. Usman M, Ramdas K, Baviskar K, "Pesticides: an overeview." JDDT, 2017; 7(4):1-5. https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v7i4.1462
20. Bhardwaj P, Tripathi P, Gupta R, Pandey S, "Niosomes: a review on niosomal research in the last decade" JDDST, 2020; 56:101581. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101581.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101581
21. Rao N, Chowdary P, Divya Y, Laksmi T, Latha K, Sirisha P, "Niosomes: a vesicular drug delivery system" RJPT, 2018; 11(8):3731- 3736. https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-360X.2018.00684.4
22. Kamal M, Maher M, Ibrahim A, Louis D, "An overview on niosomes: a drug nanocarrier" DDIPIJ, 2018; 1(5):1-9. https://doi.org/10.32474/DDIPIJ.2018.01.000125
23. Kaur D*, Kumar S, Niosomes: Present Scenario and Future Aspects, Journal of Drug Delivery & Therapeutics. 2018; 8(5):35-43 https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v8i5.1886
24. Rogerson A, the Distribution of Doxorubicin In Mice Following Administration In Niosomes, J Pharm, Pharmacol, 40(5):337-42. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7158.1988.tb05263.x
25. Sankhyan A, Pawar P, Recent Trends In Niosome as Vesicular Drug Delivery System, Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science 2012; 02(06):20-32.
26. Singh G, Dwivedi H, Saraf SK, Saraf SA, Niosomal Delivery of Isoniazid - Development And Characterization, Tropical J Pharm Res. April 2011; 10(2):203-210. https://doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v10i2.66564
27. Lohumi A, Rawat S, Sarkar S, Sipai AB, Yadav MV, Review Article A Novel Drug Delivery System: Niosomes Review. J of Drug Delivery & Therapeutics 2012; 2(5):129-135. https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v2i5.274
28. Navya MN, Parthiban S, Neasalin JAJ, Vikneswari A. Niosomes as novel vesicular drug delivery system- a review. Asian Journal of Research in Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2014; 2(2):62-68.
29. Madhav NVS, Saini A, Niosomes: A Novel Drug Delivery System, International Journal of Research in Pharmacy and Chemistry. 2011; 1(3)
30. Chandu VP, Arunachalam A, Jeganath S, Yamini K, Tharangini K, Chaitanya G, Niosomes: A Novel Drug Delivery System, International Journal of Novel Trends in Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2012; 2(1).
31. Gurjar P, Naik N, Chouksey S, Niosome: A Promising Pharmaceutical Drug Delivery, Int. J. Pharm Anal, 2(5):425- 436.
32. Shakya V, Bansal BK, Niosomes: A Novel Trend In Drug Delivery, International Journal of Research And Development In Pharmacy And Life Sciences, 2014, 3(4):1036-1041.
33. Karim KM, Mandal AS, Biswas N, Guha A, Chatterjee S, Behera M, Kuotsu K, Niosome: A Future of Targeted Drug Delivery Systems Journal Of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology & Research, 2010; 1(4). https://doi.org/10.4103/0110-5558.76435
34. Jindal K, Niosomes as A Potential Carrier System: A Review, International Journal of Pharmaceutical, Chemical And Biological Sciences, 2015; 5(4):947-959.
35. Sarker A, Shimu IJ, Alam SAA, Niosome: As Dermal Drug Delivery Tool, IOSR Journal of Pharmacy And Biological Sciences, 2015; 10(2):73-79.
36. Nasir A, Harikumar SL, Kaur A, Niosomes: An Excellent Tool For Drug Delivery, IJRPC 2012; 2(2).
37. Sharma P, Jain AP, Pandey P, Gupta R, Roshan S. Niosome a novel approach for drug delivery system: an overview. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical science and Research, 2013; 3(5):18- 30.
38. Vadlamudi CH, Sevukarajan M. Niosomal drug delivery systema review. Indo American Journal of Pharmceutical Research, 2012; 2(9)
39. Kauslya A, Borawake PD, Shinde JV, Chavan RS, Niosomes: A Novel Carrier Drug Delivery System, Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics. 2021; 11(1):162-170 https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v11i1.4479
40. Kumavat S, Sharma PK, Koka SS, Sharma R, Gupta A, Darwhekar GN, A Review on Niosomes: Potential Vesicular Drug Delivery System, Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics. 2021; 11(5):208-212. https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v11i5.5046
41. Sakthivel M, Kannan K, Manavalan, Senthamarai. Non-ionic surfactant vesicles-a review. Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical, 2012; 3(1):604-614.
42. Vadlamudi HC, Sevukarajan M, "Niosomal drug delivery- a review" IAJPR, 2012; 2(9).
43. Patel H, .Patel U, "Review on niosomes - a novel approach for drug targeting" IJAP, 2019; 08(01):1-6.
44. Carafa M, Marianecci C, Marzio LD, Rinaldi F, Celia C, Donatella Paolino D , Alhaique F, Esposito S. Niosomes from 80s to present: the state of the art. Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, 2014; 205:187-206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cis.2013.11.018
45. Kuotsu K, Karim MK, Mandal AS, Biswas N, Guha A, Chatterjee S, Behera M. Niosome: a future of targeted drug delivery systems. J Adv Pharm Tech Res., 2010; 4(1):374-380. https://doi.org/10.4103/0110-5558.76435
46. Singh SK, Rajera R, Nagpal K, and Mishra D. Niosomes: a Controlled and novel drug delivery system. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 2011; 34(7):945-953 https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.34.945
47. Gowda DV, Jain SC, Gupta NV, Kulkarni PK. A brief review on niosomes. Journal of Pharmacy Research, 2017; 11(5):450-458
48. Nagalakshmi, Aruljothy M, Shanmuganathan S. An overview on niosome as carrier in dermal sdrug delivery. Journal of Pharmaceutical science and Research, 2015; 7(11): 923-927.
49. Gandhi A, Sen SO, Paul A. Current trends in niosome as vesicular drug delivery system. Asian Journal of Pharmacy and Life Science, 2012; 2 (2):339-353.
50. Stahl F, Seleci DA, Seleci M, Walter JG, and Scheper T. Niosomes as nanoparticular drug carriers: fundamentals and recent applications. Hindawi Publishing Corporation Journal of Nanomaterials, 2016; 2016: 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/7372306
51. Suma U S, Parthiban S, Senthil Kumar GP, Tamiz Mani T, Novelty of Niosomal Gel In Tdds Application, Asian Journal Of Research In Biological And Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2015; 3(2):41-48.
52. Mujoriya R, Bodla RB, Dhamande K, Singh D and Patle L. Niosomal drug delivery system: the magic bullet. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 2011; 1(9):20-23.
53. Kalra N, Jeyabalan G, Singh G, Choudhary S. Non- ionic surfactant vesicles and their therapeutics potentials. Journal of Innovations in Pharmaceuticals and Biological sciences, 2016; 3 (2):193-201
54. Singh S, Niosomes: A Role In Targeted Drug Delivery System, IJPSR, 2013; 4(2):550-557.
55. Patel SM, Rathod DR, Patel KN, Patel BA, Patel PA, Niosome As An Effective Drug Delivery: A Review, International Journal For Pharmaceutical Research Scholars (IJPRS), 2012; 1(2). https://doi.org/10.31638/IJPRS.V1.I1.00018
56. Yadav JD, Kulkarni PR, Vaidya KA, Shelke GT. Niosomes: a review. Journal of Pharmacy Research, 2011; 4(3):632-636.
57. Pawar P, Sankhyan A. Recent trends in niosome as vesicular drug delivery system. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 2012; 2(6): 20-32.
58. Gadhiya P, Shukla S, Modi D, Bharadia P, Niosomes In Targeted Drug Delivery - A Review, s Journal For Pharmaceutical Research Scholars, 2012; 1(2).
59. Abdelkader H, Alani AWG and Alany RG. Recent advances in non-ionic surfactant vesicles (niosomes): self-assembly, fabrication, characterization, drug delivery applications and limitations. Drug Delivery, 2013; 21(2):87-100. https://doi.org/10.3109/10717544.2013.838077
60. Verma NK, Roshan A, Niosomes and Its Application-A Review, IJRPLS, 2014; 2(1):182-184.
2. Bhavani GD, Lakshmi PV, "Recent advances of non-ionic surfactant-based nano-vesicles (niosomes and proniosomes): a brief review of these in enhancing transdermal delivery of drug FJPS. 2020; 6(1):1-18. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43094-020-00117-y
3. Shakya V. Niosomes: A Novel Trend in Drug Delivery. International Journal of Research and Development in Pharmacy & Life Sciences. 2014; 3: 1036- 1041.
4. Bagheri A, Chu B, Yaakob H. Niosomal Drug Delivery Systems: Formulation, Preparation, and Applications. World Applied Sciences Journal.2014; 32: 1671-1685.
5. Islam J, Ganesh NS, Uday Kumar KR, Chandy V. Review on niosome as novel drug delivery system.2021; 10(5):715-724.
6. Sharma D, Ali AAE, Aate JR; Niosomes as Novel Drug Delivery System: Review Article; PharmaTutor. 2018; 6(3):58-65. https://doi.org/10.29161/PT.v6.i3.2018.58
7. Mehta A: Niosomes. www.pharmainfo.net, 2009.
8. Handjani-Vila RM, Dispersion of Lamellar Phases of Nonionic Lipids In Cosmetic Products, Int J Cosmetic Sci, 1979; 1(5):303-14. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2494.1979.tb00224.x
9. Keshavshetti GG, Shirsand SB. Recent advances in niosomal drug delivery - a review. Research Journal of Life Sciences, Bioinformatics, Pharmaceutical and Chemical Sciences, 2019; 5(3):514-531.
10. Kalra N, Jeyabalan G. Niosomes: A versatile drug delivery system. Research Journal of Life Sciences, Bioinformatics, Pharmaceutical and Chemical Sciences, 2016; 2(4):44-54.
11. Bhat MI, Ganesh NS, Majeed T and Chandy V. Niosomes a controlled and novel drug delivery system: A brief review.
12. Vadlamudi HC, Sevukarajan M, Niosomal Drug Delivery System-A Review, Indo American Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 2012:2(9)
13. Muzzalupo R, Tavano L, Niosomal Drug Delivery for Transdermal Targeting: Recent Advances, Research and Reports In Transdermal Drug Delivery, 2015:423-33. https://doi.org/10.2147/RRTD.S64773
14. Usman MRM, Ghuge PR and Jain BV. Niosomes: a novel trend of drug delivery. European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2017; 4(7):436-442.
15. Sharma D, Ali AAE, Aate JR. Niosomes as novel drug delivery system: review article. PharmaTutor, 2018; 6(3):58-65. 17. https://doi.org/10.29161/PT.v6.i3.2018.58
16. Sudheer P, Kaushik K. Review on niosomes - a novel approach for drug targeting. Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 2015; 14(1):20-25. https://doi.org/10.18579/jpcrkc/2015/14/1/78376
17. Debnath A, Kumar A, Structural And Functional Significance of Niosome And Proniosome In Drug Delivery System, International Journal of Pharmacy And Engineering, 2015; 3(3):621-637.
18. Kemps J and Crommelin DA. Hydrolyse van fosfolipiden in watering milieu. Pharm Weekbl, 1998; 123: 355-363.
19. Usman M, Ramdas K, Baviskar K, "Pesticides: an overeview." JDDT, 2017; 7(4):1-5. https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v7i4.1462
20. Bhardwaj P, Tripathi P, Gupta R, Pandey S, "Niosomes: a review on niosomal research in the last decade" JDDST, 2020; 56:101581. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101581.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101581
21. Rao N, Chowdary P, Divya Y, Laksmi T, Latha K, Sirisha P, "Niosomes: a vesicular drug delivery system" RJPT, 2018; 11(8):3731- 3736. https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-360X.2018.00684.4
22. Kamal M, Maher M, Ibrahim A, Louis D, "An overview on niosomes: a drug nanocarrier" DDIPIJ, 2018; 1(5):1-9. https://doi.org/10.32474/DDIPIJ.2018.01.000125
23. Kaur D*, Kumar S, Niosomes: Present Scenario and Future Aspects, Journal of Drug Delivery & Therapeutics. 2018; 8(5):35-43 https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v8i5.1886
24. Rogerson A, the Distribution of Doxorubicin In Mice Following Administration In Niosomes, J Pharm, Pharmacol, 40(5):337-42. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7158.1988.tb05263.x
25. Sankhyan A, Pawar P, Recent Trends In Niosome as Vesicular Drug Delivery System, Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science 2012; 02(06):20-32.
26. Singh G, Dwivedi H, Saraf SK, Saraf SA, Niosomal Delivery of Isoniazid - Development And Characterization, Tropical J Pharm Res. April 2011; 10(2):203-210. https://doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v10i2.66564
27. Lohumi A, Rawat S, Sarkar S, Sipai AB, Yadav MV, Review Article A Novel Drug Delivery System: Niosomes Review. J of Drug Delivery & Therapeutics 2012; 2(5):129-135. https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v2i5.274
28. Navya MN, Parthiban S, Neasalin JAJ, Vikneswari A. Niosomes as novel vesicular drug delivery system- a review. Asian Journal of Research in Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2014; 2(2):62-68.
29. Madhav NVS, Saini A, Niosomes: A Novel Drug Delivery System, International Journal of Research in Pharmacy and Chemistry. 2011; 1(3)
30. Chandu VP, Arunachalam A, Jeganath S, Yamini K, Tharangini K, Chaitanya G, Niosomes: A Novel Drug Delivery System, International Journal of Novel Trends in Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2012; 2(1).
31. Gurjar P, Naik N, Chouksey S, Niosome: A Promising Pharmaceutical Drug Delivery, Int. J. Pharm Anal, 2(5):425- 436.
32. Shakya V, Bansal BK, Niosomes: A Novel Trend In Drug Delivery, International Journal of Research And Development In Pharmacy And Life Sciences, 2014, 3(4):1036-1041.
33. Karim KM, Mandal AS, Biswas N, Guha A, Chatterjee S, Behera M, Kuotsu K, Niosome: A Future of Targeted Drug Delivery Systems Journal Of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology & Research, 2010; 1(4). https://doi.org/10.4103/0110-5558.76435
34. Jindal K, Niosomes as A Potential Carrier System: A Review, International Journal of Pharmaceutical, Chemical And Biological Sciences, 2015; 5(4):947-959.
35. Sarker A, Shimu IJ, Alam SAA, Niosome: As Dermal Drug Delivery Tool, IOSR Journal of Pharmacy And Biological Sciences, 2015; 10(2):73-79.
36. Nasir A, Harikumar SL, Kaur A, Niosomes: An Excellent Tool For Drug Delivery, IJRPC 2012; 2(2).
37. Sharma P, Jain AP, Pandey P, Gupta R, Roshan S. Niosome a novel approach for drug delivery system: an overview. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical science and Research, 2013; 3(5):18- 30.
38. Vadlamudi CH, Sevukarajan M. Niosomal drug delivery systema review. Indo American Journal of Pharmceutical Research, 2012; 2(9)
39. Kauslya A, Borawake PD, Shinde JV, Chavan RS, Niosomes: A Novel Carrier Drug Delivery System, Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics. 2021; 11(1):162-170 https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v11i1.4479
40. Kumavat S, Sharma PK, Koka SS, Sharma R, Gupta A, Darwhekar GN, A Review on Niosomes: Potential Vesicular Drug Delivery System, Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics. 2021; 11(5):208-212. https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v11i5.5046
41. Sakthivel M, Kannan K, Manavalan, Senthamarai. Non-ionic surfactant vesicles-a review. Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical, 2012; 3(1):604-614.
42. Vadlamudi HC, Sevukarajan M, "Niosomal drug delivery- a review" IAJPR, 2012; 2(9).
43. Patel H, .Patel U, "Review on niosomes - a novel approach for drug targeting" IJAP, 2019; 08(01):1-6.
44. Carafa M, Marianecci C, Marzio LD, Rinaldi F, Celia C, Donatella Paolino D , Alhaique F, Esposito S. Niosomes from 80s to present: the state of the art. Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, 2014; 205:187-206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cis.2013.11.018
45. Kuotsu K, Karim MK, Mandal AS, Biswas N, Guha A, Chatterjee S, Behera M. Niosome: a future of targeted drug delivery systems. J Adv Pharm Tech Res., 2010; 4(1):374-380. https://doi.org/10.4103/0110-5558.76435
46. Singh SK, Rajera R, Nagpal K, and Mishra D. Niosomes: a Controlled and novel drug delivery system. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 2011; 34(7):945-953 https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.34.945
47. Gowda DV, Jain SC, Gupta NV, Kulkarni PK. A brief review on niosomes. Journal of Pharmacy Research, 2017; 11(5):450-458
48. Nagalakshmi, Aruljothy M, Shanmuganathan S. An overview on niosome as carrier in dermal sdrug delivery. Journal of Pharmaceutical science and Research, 2015; 7(11): 923-927.
49. Gandhi A, Sen SO, Paul A. Current trends in niosome as vesicular drug delivery system. Asian Journal of Pharmacy and Life Science, 2012; 2 (2):339-353.
50. Stahl F, Seleci DA, Seleci M, Walter JG, and Scheper T. Niosomes as nanoparticular drug carriers: fundamentals and recent applications. Hindawi Publishing Corporation Journal of Nanomaterials, 2016; 2016: 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/7372306
51. Suma U S, Parthiban S, Senthil Kumar GP, Tamiz Mani T, Novelty of Niosomal Gel In Tdds Application, Asian Journal Of Research In Biological And Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2015; 3(2):41-48.
52. Mujoriya R, Bodla RB, Dhamande K, Singh D and Patle L. Niosomal drug delivery system: the magic bullet. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 2011; 1(9):20-23.
53. Kalra N, Jeyabalan G, Singh G, Choudhary S. Non- ionic surfactant vesicles and their therapeutics potentials. Journal of Innovations in Pharmaceuticals and Biological sciences, 2016; 3 (2):193-201
54. Singh S, Niosomes: A Role In Targeted Drug Delivery System, IJPSR, 2013; 4(2):550-557.
55. Patel SM, Rathod DR, Patel KN, Patel BA, Patel PA, Niosome As An Effective Drug Delivery: A Review, International Journal For Pharmaceutical Research Scholars (IJPRS), 2012; 1(2). https://doi.org/10.31638/IJPRS.V1.I1.00018
56. Yadav JD, Kulkarni PR, Vaidya KA, Shelke GT. Niosomes: a review. Journal of Pharmacy Research, 2011; 4(3):632-636.
57. Pawar P, Sankhyan A. Recent trends in niosome as vesicular drug delivery system. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 2012; 2(6): 20-32.
58. Gadhiya P, Shukla S, Modi D, Bharadia P, Niosomes In Targeted Drug Delivery - A Review, s Journal For Pharmaceutical Research Scholars, 2012; 1(2).
59. Abdelkader H, Alani AWG and Alany RG. Recent advances in non-ionic surfactant vesicles (niosomes): self-assembly, fabrication, characterization, drug delivery applications and limitations. Drug Delivery, 2013; 21(2):87-100. https://doi.org/10.3109/10717544.2013.838077
60. Verma NK, Roshan A, Niosomes and Its Application-A Review, IJRPLS, 2014; 2(1):182-184.
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Sharma R, Dua J, Parsad D. An overview on Niosomes: Novel Pharmaceutical drug delivery system. JDDT [Internet]. 15Apr.2022 [cited 19Apr.2024];12(2-S):171-7. Available from: https://jddtonline.info/index.php/jddt/article/view/5264
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