PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF CERTAIN PLANT SPECIES OF AGRA CITY

Abstract

Plant kingdom harbours an inexhaustible source of active ingredients invaluable in the management of many intractable diseases. Phytochemical techniques played a significant role in searching raw materials and resources for pharmaceutical industry. Preliminary Phytochemical tests are helpful in finding and locating chemical constituents which are source of pharmacologically active principles. Hence during the present study. Phytochemical screening of six native plants of Agra city i.e. Achyranthus aspera, Acalypha indica, Euphorbia hirta, Lindenbergia indica, Parthenium hysterophorus and Peristrophe bicalyculata were carried out by employing standard methods for conducting Qualitative phytochemical analysis for studying the presence of active compounds like Alkaloids, Tannins, Saponins, Glycosides, Phenols, Flavonoids, Anthroquinone, Terpenoids and Steroids. Ethanolic extract of Achyranthus aspera showed all of these phytocompounds except Tannins in comparison to other extracts. However ethanolic extracts of all plant species revealed the presence of most of the phytocompounds in comparison to other extracts tested. Successive isolation of phytocompounds from plant materials depended on the type of solvent used in extraction procedure. The qualitative changes in the Phytochemical analysis of tested plant species are correlated to methods of preparation. The plants tested are found to be potential due to the presence of various active principles among which Achyranthus aspera is found to be constituted of various primary & secondary metabolites which can be quantified for application in pharmaceutical industry.